Gliding characteristics and gap formation for locking and grasping tendon repairs: a biomechanical study in a human cadaver model

Tribological characteristics of healthy tendon

“…Degeneration to an inferior lubrication regime is consistent with similar studies Tanaka et al, 2003Tanaka et al, , 2004Zhao et al, 2004); however, knowledge of the potential maximum film thickness (235 nm) in instances of excessive lubricant may assist tissue and bio-mechanical engineers in reducing the relatively high strain on both the tendon and repair , thus reducing the risk of failure.…”

“…An increase in tendon friction has previously been reported in cumulative trauma disorders including carpal tunnel syndrome and tendonitis (An, 2007;Brown and Vogel, 1989;Goldstein et al, 1987), whilst a 60-fold increase in resistance to gliding following tendon suturing has been implicated in repair site failure Tanaka et al, 2003Tanaka et al, , 2004Zhao et al, 2004).…”

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Tendon Repair Process Using Tubular Braided Fabrics

“…This is linked to the fact that a multi-braided fabric would offer more resistance to gap formation. The gap resistance was established to be less than 30.0N as reported by earlier research for gap resistance for some conventional surgical techniques of tendon repair [17][18][19][20] Meanwhile, the results in Figure 5 and Figure 6 show slight difference between the experimental and numerical data. This is attributed to the fact that the FE models could not capture all the non-linearities in the actual test samples and can also be associated with the profile of ABAQUS® amplitude applied in the uniaxial tensile loading protocol considered for the FE models.…”

“…The samples were mounted in specially designed clamps of an Instron® tensile testing machine and displaced at a rate of 5 mm/min. Since the goal of the study was to demonstrate the validity of the models in predicting the tendon repair potential of a tubular braided fabric, the repair models were run up to a gap size of 2 mm which is considered an allowable gap between tendons to allow healing and regeneration of the tissue [17][18][19][20].…”

CORR® ORS Richard A. Brand Award for Outstanding Orthopaedic Research: Engineering Flexor Tendon Repair With Lubricant, Cells, and Cytokines in a Canine Model

“…The flexor digitorum profundus tendons of the second and fifth digits in one paw from each dog were sharply transected at the Zone II-D level [31] and repaired with a modified Pennington technique [29] using a 4-0 FiberWire 1 suture (Arthrex Inc, Naples, FL, USA) reinforced with a simple running suture of 6-0 Prolene TM (Ethicon Inc, Somerville, NJ, USA).…”