Glial-Derived Prodegenerative Signaling in the Drosophila Neuromuscular System

Keller, Lani C.; Cheng, Ling; Locke, Cody J.; Müller, Martin; Fetter, Richard D.; Davis, Graeme W.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.031

Cited by 55 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Loss of Eiger significantly suppresses the presynaptic degeneration induced by the absence of Ankyrin, suggesting a role for Eiger in mediating the degeneration of these presynaptic materials [54] . Upon secretion from glia, It is worth noting that draper expression in muscle is also required for the engulfment process, but only for the disappearance of ghost boutons, indicating distinctive mechanisms by which glia and muscle control different presynaptic materials [53] (Fig.…”

Section: Bimodal Regulation Of Synaptic Remodeling By Gliamentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Loss of Eiger significantly suppresses the presynaptic degeneration induced by the absence of Ankyrin, suggesting a role for Eiger in mediating the degeneration of these presynaptic materials [54] . Upon secretion from glia, Eiger interacts with the TNF receptor Wengen in neurons, triggering the downstream caspase Dronc-Dcp1 pathway that induces axonal and synaptic degeneration.…”

Section: Bimodal Regulation Of Synaptic Remodeling By Gliamentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Glia-derived Factors During Synapse Formation and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These synapses are glutamatergic, stereotypically positioned, and resemble mammalian central synapses in terms of the neurotransmitter used [50,51] . Compelling evidence has shown that glia, closely associated with these synapses, modulate synaptic activity and synapse formation [52][53][54][55][56] .Among the three types of peripheral glia, perineurial glia and SPGs, but not wrapping glia, send processes into the NMJ [56] . These processes display a variety of morphological structures along the motoneuron axons to the point of nerve-muscle contact, and sometimes extend into the proximal synaptic bouton, yet never completely cover the NMJ [5,53,56,57] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) factor Eiger expressed by peripheral SPGs mediates a glia-derived pro-degenerative signaling event that controls axonal and synaptic degeneration. Severe presynaptic degeneration of the NMJ, indicated by fragmentation of presynaptic membranes, occurs when the functions of cytoskeletal molecules like Spectrin or Ankyrin are disrupted [64][65][66] .Loss of Eiger significantly suppresses the presynaptic degeneration induced by the absence of Ankyrin, suggesting a role for Eiger in mediating the degeneration of these presynaptic materials [54] . Upon secretion from glia, It is worth noting that draper expression in muscle is also required for the engulfment process, but only for the disappearance of ghost boutons, indicating distinctive mechanisms by which glia and muscle control different presynaptic materials [53] (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glial cells in neuronal development: recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster

Xiao

et al. 2014

Neurosci. Bull.

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Glia outnumber neurons and are the most abundant cell type in the nervous system. Whereas neurons are the major carriers, transducers, and processors of information, glial cells, once considered mainly to play a passive supporting role, are now recognized for their active contributions to almost every aspect of nervous system development. Recently, insights from the invertebrate organism Drosophila melanogaster have advanced our knowledge of glial cell biology. In particular, findings on neuron-glia interactions via intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms have shed light on the importance of glia during different stages of neuronal development. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the functions of Drosophila glia, which resemble their mammalian counterparts in morphology and function, neural stem-cell conversion, synapse formation, and developmental axon pruning. These discoveries reinforce the idea that glia are substantial players in the developing nervous system and further advance the understanding of mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration.Keywords: glia; neuronal development; Gcm; neurodegeneration; neural stem cell; synapse formation; axon pruning Conventionally, glia have been considered to play a passive supporting role due to a lack of electrical excitability for transducing information like neurons. Nonetheless, compelling evidence has demonstrated that glia participate actively in mediating a number of neuronal events such as axon guidance, peripheral axon ensheathment, and formation of the blood-brain barrier to protect the central nervous system (CNS) [1][2][3][4][5] . On the other hand, a tripartite model that includes glia has recently been proposed to revise the classical view of synaptic structure [6][7][8] . In addition to the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments, adjacent glia, particularly mammalian astrocytes, are now envisioned as one of the major components integrating synaptic function by releasing gliotransmitters, promoting synapse formation, and regulating synaptic plasticity [9] .Intriguingly, studies from the invertebrate model organism Several recent articles have provided excellent overviews of the origin and development of glia [10][11][12][13][14] . In this review, we explicitly summarize glial functions that have emerged as key mechanisms in the regulation of neuronal development in Drosophila. We describe the distinct classes of Drosophila glia, followed by a discussion of how they modulate neural stem-cell behavior, an extrinsic regulatory step during the early stage of neural fate decision. Next, we discuss how glia secrete different factors to affect the development and function of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Finally, we compare the glia-derived two-step secretion/engulfment mechanism in NMJ remodeling with axon pruning of mushroom body (MB) γ-neurons.Altogether, these recent discoveries point to a significant role for glia during neuronal development, and provide novel insights into mechanisms leading to a destabilized state of the nervous system, as i...

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Section: Bimodal Regulation Of Synaptic Remodeling By Gliamentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Loss of Eiger significantly suppresses the presynaptic degeneration induced by the absence of Ankyrin, suggesting a role for Eiger in mediating the degeneration of these presynaptic materials [54] . Upon secretion from glia, Eiger interacts with the TNF receptor Wengen in neurons, triggering the downstream caspase Dronc-Dcp1 pathway that induces axonal and synaptic degeneration.…”

Section: Bimodal Regulation Of Synaptic Remodeling By Gliamentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Glia-derived Factors During Synapse Formation and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glial cells in neuronal development: recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster

Xiao

et al. 2014

Neurosci. Bull.

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DrosophilaTNF/TNFRs: At the crossroad between metabolism, immunity, and tissue homeostasis

Colombani,

Andersen

2023

FEBS Letters

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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α is a highly conserved pro‐inflammatory cytokine with important functions in immunity, tissue repair, and cellular homeostasis. Due to the simplicity of the Drosophila TNF‐TNF receptor (TNFR) system and a broad genetic toolbox, the fly has played a pivotal role in deciphering the mechanisms underlying TNF‐mediated physiological and pathological functions. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in our understanding of how local and systemic sources of Egr/TNF contributes to its anti‐tumor and tumor promoting properties, and its emerging functions in adaptive growth responses, sleep regulation, and adult tissue homeostasis. The recent annotation of TNF as an adipokine and its indisputable contribution to obesity‐ and cancer‐associated metabolic diseases has provoked a new area of research focusing on its dual function in regulating immunity and energy homeostasis. Here, we discuss the role of TNFR signaling in coupling immune and metabolic processes and how this might be relevant in the adaption of host to environmental stresses, or, in the case of obesity, promote metabolic derangements and disease.

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Drosophila glia: Few cell types and many conserved functions

Yildirim

Petri

Kottmeier

et al. 2018

Glia

138

153

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Glial cells constitute without any dispute an essential element in providing an efficiently operating nervous system. Work in many labs over the last decades has demonstrated that neuronal function, from action potential generation to its propagation, from eliciting synaptic responses to the subsequent postsynaptic integration, is evolutionarily highly conserved. Likewise, the biology of glial cells appears conserved in its core elements and therefore, a deeper understanding of glial cells is expected to benefit from analyzing model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila is particularly well suited for studying glial biology since in the fly nervous system only a limited number of glial cells exists, which can be individually identified based on position and a set of molecular markers. In combination with the well‐known genetic tool box an unprecedented level of analysis is feasible, that not only can help to identify novel molecules and principles governing glial cell function but also will help to better understand glial functions first identified in the mammalian nervous system. Here we review the current knowledge on Drosophila glia to spark interest in using this system to analyze complex glial traits in the future.

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Glial-Derived Prodegenerative Signaling in the Drosophila Neuromuscular System

Cited by 55 publications

References 49 publications

Glial cells in neuronal development: recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster

Glial cells in neuronal development: recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster

DrosophilaTNF/TNFRs: At the crossroad between metabolism, immunity, and tissue homeostasis

Drosophila glia: Few cell types and many conserved functions

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