Glenoid labrum pathology

Clavert, P

doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2014.06.028

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The labrum contributes to glenohumeral joint stability by restricting anterior and posterior movement of the humerus (12). It also serves as an important attachment site for the glenohumeral ligaments and the LHBT (11,13,14). Superiorly, near the 12-o'clock position, the labrum merges with the LHBT origin.…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the Glenoid Labrum and Labral Tears

et al. 2016

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The shoulder joint is the most unstable articulation in the entire human body. While this certainly introduces vulnerability to injury, it also confers the advantage of broad range of motion. There are many elements that work in combination to offset the inherent instability of the glenohumeral joint, but the glenoid labrum is perhaps related most often. Broadly, clinical unidirectional instability can be subdivided into anterior and posterior instability, which usually raise concern for anteroinferior and posteroinferior labral lesions, respectively. In the special case of superior labral damage, potential dislocation is blocked by structures that include the acromion; hence, while damage elsewhere commonly manifests as clinical instability, damage to the superior labrum is often described by the term microinstability. In this particular case, one of the radiologist's main concerns should be classic superior labral anteroposterior lesions. The glenoid labrum is also subject to a wide range of normal variants that can mimic labral tears. Knowledge of these variants is central to interpreting an imaging study of the labrum because misdiagnosis of labral variants as tears can lead to superfluous surgical procedures and decreased shoulder mobility. This article reviews labral anatomy and normal labral variants, describes their imaging features, and discusses how to discriminate normal variants from labral tears. Specific labral pathologic lesions are described per labral quadrant (anteroinferior, posteroinferior, and superior), and imaging features are described in detail. Online supplemental material is available for this article. RSNA, 2016.

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Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the Glenoid Labrum and Labral Tears

et al. 2016

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“…Given the inherent instability of the glenohumeral joint, traumatic shoulder dislocation is particularly common and can cause damage to the soft tissues surrounding the joint [ 13 , 24 ]. The glenoid labrum is damaged in more than 70% of traumatic shoulder dislocations and often fails to heal without intervention [ 4 , 7 ]. Similarly, the joint capsule is routinely stretched during instability events, with residual laxity permitting excessive humeral translation and recurrent subluxation [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common animal models lack a distinct glenoid labrum: a comparative anatomy study

et al. 2021

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Purpose Development and validation of an animal model of labral healing would facilitate translation of novel surgical and biological strategies to improve glenolabral healing. The purpose of this study was to characterize the anatomic and histological properties of the shoulder labrum in rat, rabbit, dog, pig, goat, and humans. Given the demonstrated similarities in size and structural morphology in other joints, it was hypothesized that the goat glenoid with surrounding capsulolabral complex would most closely resemble that of humans in terms of dimensions and structure, as observed grossly and histologically. Methods Cadaveric glenohumeral joints from rats (n = 8), New Zealand white rabbits (n = 13), Mongrel dogs (n = 9), Spanish goats (n = 10), Yorkshire pigs (n = 10), and humans (n = 9) were freshly harvested. Photographs were taken of the glenoid with its surrounding capsulolabral complex. Linear dimensions of the glenoid articular surface were measured. It was determined where the capsulolabral complex was continuous with, or recessed from, the articular glenoid surface. The glenoid was divided into 6 equal segments radiating out toward 12, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 o’clock positions. Samples were sectioned and stained with Safranin O/Fast green and Mallory Trichrome. Insertion of the capsulolabral tissue onto the glenoid was qualitatively assessed and compared with gross morphology. Results Dimensions of the goat glenoid most closely paralleled dimensions of the human glenoid. A capsulolabral complex was continuous with the glenoid surface from ~ 9 to 12 o’clock in the rats, 7 to 12 o’clock in rabbits, 5 to 12 o’clock in the dogs, and 9 to 12 o’clock in goats, 6 to 12 o’clock in pigs, and 2 to 8 o’clock in humans. In contrast to humans, no other species demonstrated an organized fibrocartilaginous labrum either macroscopically or histologically. Conclusion The animals in the present study did not possess a discrete fibrocartilaginous labrum by gross or histological evaluation, as directly compared to humans. While models using these animals may be acceptable for examining other shoulder pathologies, they are not adequate to evaluate labral pathology. Level of evidence Basic Science Study; Anatomy and Histology; Cadaveric Animal Model.

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“…[11][12][13][14] Tears of the superior labrum account for 80%-90% of labral pathology in the stable shoulder. 15 These lesions were first described in 1990 by Snyder et al 16 as superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP) tears. Originally SLAP tears were classified into four types (I-IV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes in patients with glenoid labral lesions: a cohort study

Zughaib

Robbins

Miller

et al. 2017

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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Background/aimFor patients presenting with glenoid labral pathologies, there is little information on how operative interventions affect long-term outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study evaluated outcomes in operative and non-operative patients presenting with labral tears versus labral degenerations.MethodsParticipants completed a pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Veterans RAND 12-item Health Survey, Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons instrument, Scapular Assistance Test (SAT), Shoulder Activity Level, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation at baseline and at 6-month, 12-month and 2-year follow-ups. χ2and Student's t-test were used to test the differences between categorical and continuous variables. Analysis of variance investigated the differences between groups, and linear regression analyses explored the relationship of baseline characteristics with outcome scores.ResultsAfter 2 years, the operative cohort (n=68) significantly improved in all measures. The non-operative cohort (n=55) showed significant improvements in all scores except the mental component summary (MCS) and pain VAS. Labral tear patients (n=52) within the operative group (n=28) significantly improved in all measures except MCS. Non-operative labral tear patients (n=24) indicated significant improvements in all measures except MCS, VAS and SAT. Labral degeneration patients (n=71) within the operative group (n=27) significantly improved in all measures except MCS and SAT. Non-operative labral degeneration patients (n=44) indicated significant improvements in all measures except the physical component summary, MCS, VAS and SAT.ConclusionPatients who were surgically treated for labral tears or degenerations had significantly improved outcomes and HRQoL scores after 2 years compared with the non-operative cohort.

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Glenoid labrum pathology

Cited by 41 publications

References 29 publications

Imaging the Glenoid Labrum and Labral Tears

Imaging the Glenoid Labrum and Labral Tears

Common animal models lack a distinct glenoid labrum: a comparative anatomy study

Outcomes in patients with glenoid labral lesions: a cohort study

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