Glenoid-based reference system to differentiate shoulder pathologies on plain radiographs

Smith, Austin F.; Schmidt, Christian M.; Tabbaa, Ameer; Gutiérrez, Sergio; Simon, Peter; Mighell, Mark A.; Frankle, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.jse.2023.08.025

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The most common associated injury sites are the chest, including rib or clavicle fractures and pneumothorax, the head, and the spine [10]. In case of shoulder pain, swelling, tenderness, and deformity, plain radiographs of the affected shoulder should follow the standard trauma imaging examination [11,12]. However, shoulder X-rays are not always sensitive and accurate to define a glenoid fracture and, therefore, a computed tomography (CT) scan is always necessary to precisely describe the fracture morphology and reveal any occult injuries [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Arthroscopy in Contemporary Glenoid Fossa Fracture Fixation

Chalidis,

Papadopoulos,

Papadopoulos

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Glenoid fossa fractures are rare injuries accounting for 10 to 29% of all intra-articular scapula fractures. They are usually the result of high-energy trauma, and concomitant injuries are not uncommon. Patients with glenoid fractures are admitted with shoulder pain and restricted range of motion. Although shoulder plain radiographs could establish the diagnosis, a computed tomography scan is necessary to adequately define the fracture pattern and characteristics. The most commonly used classification system is that of Ideberg (modified by Goss), which includes five glenoid fossa fracture types according to the location, extension, and complexity of the lesion. Articular surface displacement and step-off are the most important factors that should be taken under consideration when deciding for conservative or surgical management. Operative treatment includes open reduction and internal fixation through a posterior or anterior approach depending on fracture morphology and displacement. However, open surgical techniques are related to extensive soft-tissue disruption, risk of neurovascular injury, and inadequate exposure of the entire glenoid cavity. Introduction of arthroscopy could facilitate better visualization of the glenoid articular surface and improved fracture reduction. However, it is a technically demanding procedure with many challenges and pitfalls. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence regarding the treatment of glenoid fossa fractures and present the beneficial effect of arthroscopy in improving the quality of fracture fixation and overall functional outcomes.

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