Glaucophyta

Price, Dana C.; Steiner, Jürgen; Yoon, Hyun Soo; Bhattacharya, Debashish; Löffelhardt, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_42-1

Cited by 4 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…the lineage including the freshwater species Gloeomargarita lithophora . This topology suggested that plastid primary endosymbiosis occurred in a freshwater environment, and glaucophytes are freshwater taxa 9 . However, our finding of an early split of Rhodophyta within Archaeplastida does not argue against a freshwater environment for plastid endosymbiosis, because many early diverging red algal clades include freshwater taxa such as in the Compsopogonophyceae and Porphyridiophyceae 9 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…S13). The glaucophyte plastid contains a central non-encapsulated pyrenoid (also termed a central body 9 ) (Fig. 2; Supplementary Figs S14–S16) where RuBisCO is localized 65 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed discussion of the composition and function of PG enzymes in glaucophytes can be found in Price et al 9 Here, we addressed phylogenetic origins of the major PG enzymes that were recovered with strong BLASTp ( E ≤ 10 −10 ) support in the PacBio assembly of C. paradoxa to complement the analysis of PG ultrastructure and the cell cycle data. The genes (see Supplementary Table S7) we analysed come from table in Price et al 9 and comprise: PG transglycosylase/transpeptidase (PBP1, 2, and 3), two isoforms of UDP- N -acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase ( murA ), UDP- N -acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase ( murB ), UDP- N -acetylmuramate- l -alanine ligase ( murC ), two putative glutamate racemase homologues ( murI ), a hypothetical d -Glu-adding enzyme ( murD ), UDP- N -acetylmuramoyl- l -alanyl- d -glutamate-2,6-diaminopimelate ligase ( murE ), a hypothetical alanine racemase ( alr ), d -alanine- d -alanine ligase ( ddl ), UDP- N -acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide- d -alanyl- d -alanine ligase ( murF ), phospho- N -acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-transferase (Lipid I synthesis, mraY ), undecaprenyldiphospho-muramoylpentapeptide beta- N -acetylglucosaminyltransferase (Lipid II synthesis, murG ), a hypothetical PG splitting enzyme ( dipM ), a hypothetical glucosamine-6- P -synthase ( glmS ), d -alanyl- d -alanine dipeptidase ( vanX ), d -Ala- d -Ala carboxypeptidase ( vanY ), and d -alanyl- d -alanine carboxypeptidase ( dacB /PBP5). Phylogenetic analysis of individual proteins using the novel glaucophyte genomic data shows that many of them are of cyanobacterial provenance in C. paradoxa (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The green algae in this ‘supergroup’ gave rise to plants, and the plastids of red and green algae were spread via serial endosymbioses to a myriad of other important primary producers including diatoms, haptophytes, dinoflagellates, and euglenids 7 . What makes glaucophytes of particular interest is that they uniquely retain a suite of plastid traits associated with the ancestral cyanobacterial endosymbiont, such as peptidoglycan (PG) and phycobilisomes, and lack chlorophyll- b 8 , 9 . This lineage also harbours the primordial, bacterial (putatively chlamydial) derived UhpC-type hexose-phosphate transporter to translocate fixed carbon from the plastid to the host cytosol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phylogeny of Glaucophyta. This tree was built using a multigene dataset comprising plastid-encoded PsbA, PsaB, and 16S rRNA, mitochondrial COX1 and COB, and nuclear-encoded ITS regions and partial sequences of SSU and LSU rRNA (modified from Price et al 9 ). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of an improved Cyanophora paradoxa genome assembly

et al. 2019

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Glaucophyta are members of the Archaeplastida, the founding group of photosynthetic eukaryotes that also includes red algae (Rhodophyta), green algae, and plants (Viridiplantae). Here we present a high-quality assembly, built using long-read sequences, of the ca. 100 Mb nuclear genome of the model glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa. We also conducted a quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy (QFDEEM) analysis of C. paradoxa cells to investigate glaucophyte morphology in comparison to other organisms. Using the genome data, we generated a resolved 115-taxon eukaryotic tree of life that includes a well-supported, monophyletic Archaeplastida. Analysis of muroplast peptidoglycan (PG) ultrastructure using QFDEEM shows that PG is most dense at the cleavage-furrow. Analysis of the chlamydial contribution to glaucophytes and other Archaeplastida shows that these foreign sequences likely played a key role in anaerobic glycolysis in primordial algae to alleviate ATP starvation under night-time hypoxia. The robust genome assembly of C. paradoxa significantly advances knowledge about this model species and provides a reference for exploring the panoply of traits associated with the anciently diverged glaucophyte lineage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…S13). The glaucophyte plastid contains a central non-encapsulated pyrenoid (also termed a central body 9 ) (Fig. 2; Supplementary Figs S14–S16) where RuBisCO is localized 65 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of an improved Cyanophora paradoxa genome assembly

et al. 2019

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Myelin sheath and cyanobacterial thylakoids as concentric multilamellar structures with similar bioenergetic properties

et al. 2021

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There is a surprisingly high morphological similarity between multilamellar concentric thylakoids in cyanobacteria and the myelin sheath that wraps the nerve axons. Thylakoids are multilamellar structures, which express photosystems I and II, cytochromes and ATP synthase necessary for the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis. Myelin is a multilamellar structure that surrounds many axons in the nervous system and has long been believed to act simply as an insulator. However, it has been shown that myelin has a trophic role, conveying nutrients to the axons and producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, it is tempting to presume that both membranous structures, although distant in the evolution tree, share not only a morphological but also a functional similarity, acting in feeding ATP synthesized by the ATP synthase to the centre of the multilamellar structure. Therefore, both molecular structures may represent a convergent evolution of life on Earth to fulfill fundamentally similar functions.

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Functional stress responses in Glaucophyta: evidence of ethylene and abscisic acid functions inCyanophora paradoxa

Genot

Grogan

Yost

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Glaucophytes, an enigmatic group of freshwater algae, occupy a pivotal position within the Archaeplastida, providing insights into the early evolutionary history of plastids and their host cells. These algae possess unique plastids, known as cyanelles, that retain certain ancestral features, enabling a better understanding of the plastid transition from cyanobacteria. In this study, we investigated the role of ethylene, a potent hormone used by land plants to coordinate stress responses, in the glaucophyte alga Cyanophora paradoxa. We demonstrate that C. paradoxa converts 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), the ethylene precursor in land plants, into gaseous ethylene. In addition, we show that cells produce ethylene natively in response to abiotic stress, and another plant hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), negatively interferes with ACC-dependent ethylene synthesis, while positively regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. ROS synthesis also occurred following abiotic stress and ACC treatment, leading to growth inhibition in C. paradoxa. Using transcriptomics, we also reveal that ACC treatment induces the upregulation of senescence-associated proteases, consistent with the observation of growth inhibition. This is the first report of hormone usage in a glaucophyte alga, extending our understanding of hormone-mediated stress response coordination to the base of Archaeplastidae. By unraveling hormone signaling pathways in glaucophytes, we pave the way for a more comprehensive understanding of the evolution and diversification of hormone-mediated communication across the tree of life, ultimately enhancing our knowledge of the adaptive strategies employed by diverse lineages.

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Glaucophyta

Cited by 4 publications

References 199 publications

Analysis of an improved Cyanophora paradoxa genome assembly

Analysis of an improved Cyanophora paradoxa genome assembly

Myelin sheath and cyanobacterial thylakoids as concentric multilamellar structures with similar bioenergetic properties

Functional stress responses in Glaucophyta: evidence of ethylene and abscisic acid functions inCyanophora paradoxa

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