Glaucoma screening: current trends, economic issues, technology, and challenges

Nduaguba, Constance; Lee, Richard K.

doi:10.1097/01.icu.0000193088.75432.c9

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness, after cataracts [1,2]. Worldwide, an estimated 60.5 million people have glaucoma out of which 8.4 million have become blind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of glaucoma in an eye clinic in Ghana

Otabil¹,

Tenkorang²,

Mac³

et al. 2013

RusOMJ

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Background -Glaucoma is an important eye disease that causes blindness with a frequency second only to blindness due to cataracts. Early detection of the condition is critical to preventing irreversible blindness in those affected. Objective -The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in an eye clinic in Ghana, West Africa and help raise awareness of the situation on the ground. Methods and Results -The study is a retrospective study of the Out-Patient Department morbidity of glaucoma at the Emmavick Eye Clinic in Sunyani, Ghana spanning a period of 35 months. The study included patients visiting the clinic for the first time. The diagnostics tools used included tonometry, ophthalmoscopy (examination of optic disc) and perimetry. Out of a total of 5828 patients seen over the study period, 460 (7.89%) subjects presented with glaucoma. The prevalence of glaucoma in female Adults was 9.52% whilst that of male adults was 8.77%. The prevalence of glaucoma in children was 1.41%. Conclusion -The result of the present study affirms the fact that glaucoma is more prevalent in the adult population than in the younger population. This situation has a huge toll on the economy of developing countries like Ghana where there is need of much human resource to drive the advance toward highincome status. Mass education and screening is needed to identify affected individuals for early treatment and inform the populace about the insidious nature of glaucoma and its potential to irreversibly impair vision in affected individuals.

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“…Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness, after cataracts [1,2]. Worldwide, an estimated 60.5 million people have glaucoma out of which 8.4 million have become blind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of glaucoma in an eye clinic in Ghana

Otabil¹,

Tenkorang²,

Mac³

et al. 2013

RusOMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…5,10-12 In our study, IOP readings were taken with a non-contact tonometer. [13][14][15] This non-contact technique can be performed by medical students in areas where regulations prohibit use of drops or contact tonometry by non-ophthalmologists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Student Sight Savers Program Methods for Glaucoma Screening

Salim

Netland²,

Fung³

et al. 2009

NOPE

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“…It is actually a group of progressive optic neuropathies that have, in common, damage of the optic nerve with cupping as a sign of glaucomatous optic neuropathy [1,2]. Glaucoma should be diagnosed and treated already at an early stage in order to prevent the progression of the disease [2–4].…”

Section: Intraocular Pressure and Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism of Ophthalmic Timolol: New Aspects of an Old Drug

Volotinen

Hakkola

Pelkonen

et al. 2011

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Glaucoma is a common eye disease that can cause irreversible blindness if not diagnosed and treated in the early stages of progression. This disease is often, albeit not always, associated with increased intraocular pressure, which is also the most important risk factor for glaucoma. Currently, the only treatment option of glaucoma is reduction of intraocular pressure. A b-adrenergic antagonist, timolol, has been used for the treatment of glaucoma and increased intraocular pressure for more than 30 years and still remains the drug of choice. Locally, timolol is well tolerated. However, it has been reported that approximately 80% of a topically administered eye drop is systemically absorbed. Thus, ophthalmic timolol may cause severe adverse cardiovascular and respiratory effects. On the basis of the aforementioned situation, it is somewhat surprising to notice that the metabolism of timolol has only recently been studied in detail even though the drug has been used for decades. Earlier clinical studies have suggested that timolol is metabolized by CYP2D6, an important member of the cytochrome P450 family. Our recent in vitro studies demonstrated convincingly that CYP2D6 is the main enzyme contributing to timolol metabolism, although also CYP2C19 may have a minor role. Liver is the principal site of timolol metabolism, because -according to our recent findings -only negligible amounts of CYP2D6 are expressed in human ocular tissues. After topical administration, systemic timolol concentrations may be high enough to cause cardiovascular and respiratory adverse effects especially in patients who are CYP2D6 poor metabolizers or use concomitant CYP2D6 inhibitors.

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Glaucoma screening: current trends, economic issues, technology, and challenges

Cited by 38 publications

References 107 publications

Prevalence of glaucoma in an eye clinic in Ghana

Prevalence of glaucoma in an eye clinic in Ghana

Assessment of the Student Sight Savers Program Methods for Glaucoma Screening

Metabolism of Ophthalmic Timolol: New Aspects of an Old Drug

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