Glaucoma in the Central and South Pacific

Holmes, William John

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(61)91946-8

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The indigenous peoples of the South Pacific are reported to have very low rates of glaucoma [9]. The Central Australian Ocular Health Study reported a prevalence of open-angle glaucoma among the indigenous Australian people to be a third of the prevalence of nonindigenous Australians [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Glaucoma Subtypes and Corresponding Demographics in a New Zealand Population

et al. 2016

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Purpose: The aim of this paper was to determine the diagnosis distribution and demographic characteristics of glaucoma in a New Zealand population. Methods: The clinical records of all patients presenting consecutively to the Auckland District Health Board Glaucoma Service over a 6-month period were reviewed. Demographic parameters including ethnicity, age at presentation, and gender were collected along with all clinical data. Results: The case records of 857 patients were reviewed. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) was the most common diagnosis (39.0%, n = 235), followed by primary-angle closure (PAC) diagnoses (24.8%, n = 149). This group was formed by the combination of narrow angle 18.1% (n = 109), narrow-angle glaucoma 0.3% (n = 2), PAC 2.1% (n = 13), and PAC glaucoma 4.2% (n = 25). Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG; 17.4%, n = 105), secondary glaucoma (SG; 11.5%, n = 69), ocular hypertension (5.0%, n = 30), and mixed mechanism (2.3%, n = 14) were also found. There was a significant difference in the ethnic distribution in the study population compared to the catchment population (p < 0.001). Caucasian and Indian ethnicities were overrepresented, whereas the Pacific Island Nation ethnicity was underrepresented in all groups except SG. The Maori ethnicity was underrepresented in all groups except PAC. The underrepresentation was most prominent in POAG (only 2 patients of Pacific origin and 1 Maori patient with POAG). Significant differences were identified in gender distribution including a higher preponderance of females in NTG and PAC. Significant differences in age at presentation were also identified between different glaucoma subtypes and ethnicities. Markers of glaucoma severity did not vary with respect to demographic characteristics. Conclusion: In a tertiary glaucoma service in New Zealand, Maori, Pacific peoples, and, to a lesser extent, Asians are underrepresented, while Caucasians and Indians are overrepresented in the glaucoma population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Glaucoma Subtypes and Corresponding Demographics in a New Zealand Population

et al. 2016

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“…Heterogeneity of diagnostic criteria, examinations performed, and technology used has precluded reliable comparison between glaucoma prevalence studies since the 1960s 54 and remains problematic today. 12,55,56 We enable comparison of diagnostic protocols (Supplementary Table 5, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/ IJG/A808) between studies to enable better understanding of this heterogeneity.…”

Section: Examinations Performedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Glaucoma Diagnosis in Prevalence Studies and Quality of Reporting

Al-Timimi,

Huang-Lung,

Keay

et al. 2023

Journal of Glaucoma

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Précis: This systematic review has revealed that variable definitions of glaucoma continue to be employed in prevalence studies, despite the introduction of the ISGEO criteria. Purpose: To systematically review diagnostic criteria and examinations performed in glaucoma prevalence studies over time and determine the quality of reporting. Accurate estimates of glaucoma prevalence are crucial to inform resource allocation. However, diagnosis of glaucoma comprises inherently subjective examinations and the cross-sectional nature of prevalence studies precludes monitoring for progression. Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed to examine diagnostic protocols employed by glaucoma prevalence studies and evaluate uptake of the International Society of Geographic and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology (ISGEO) criteria, introduced in 2002 to standardise glaucoma diagnosis in prevalence studies. Detection bias and compliance with the Strengthening Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines were evaluated. Results: 10,544 articles were identified. After deduplication, 5,589 articles were screened, yielding 136 articles pertaining to 123 studies. An absence of data in many countries was identified. 92% of studies stated diagnostic criteria, and 62% used the ISGEO criteria since their publication. Weaknesses of the ISGEO criteria were identified. Temporal variations in the performance of various examinations were observed, including heterogeneity in angle assessment. Mean STROBE compliance was 82% (range 59–100%); 72 articles had a low risk of detection bias, 4 had a high risk, and 60 had some concerns. Conclusion: Heterogeneous diagnostic definitions persist in glaucoma prevalence studies, despite introduction of the ISGEO criteria. Standardisation of criteria remains imperative and the development of new criteria represent a valuable opportunity to achieve this goal. Additionally, methods of determining diagnoses are poorly reported, suggesting a need for improvement in study conduct and reporting. Accordingly, we propose the Reporting of quality Of GlaUcoma Epidemiological Studies (ROGUES) Checklist. We have also identified a need for further prevalence studies in regions with limited data and to update Australian ACG prevalence. Design and reporting of future studies can be informed by this review’s insights into diagnostic protocols previously used.

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Soziale Bedeutung und Häufigkeit des Glaukoms

Leydhecker¹

1973

Glaukom

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Glaucoma in the Central and South Pacific

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Analysis of Glaucoma Subtypes and Corresponding Demographics in a New Zealand Population

Analysis of Glaucoma Subtypes and Corresponding Demographics in a New Zealand Population

A Systematic Review of Glaucoma Diagnosis in Prevalence Studies and Quality of Reporting

Soziale Bedeutung und Häufigkeit des Glaukoms

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