Glaucoma and Ocular Hypotony: Pathology of Abnormal Intraocular Pressure

Naumann, G. O. H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8525-7_14

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 300 publications

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“…1,3 In 1 recent report, photoreceptor numbers were decreased in 24 glaucomatous human eyes with IOPs > 35 mm Hg. 4 The globes in our study, however, routinely showed necrosis in the inner nuclear, outer nuclear, photoreceptor, and retinal epithelial layers in addition to marked changes in the ganglion cell layer.…”

Section: Early Degenerative Changes Associated With Spontaneous Glaucmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Early Degenerative Changes Associated with Spontaneous Glaucoma in Dogs

Smedes

Dubielzig

1994

J VET Diagn Invest

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Brief communications 259 false-positive sera were mixed (1: 1) with 2-Me, none of them gave a positive result in AGID (HSE). These results indicate that most of false-positive results in the AGID (HSE) are attributable to IgM, which because of its larger size and molecular weight as compared with IgG would take more time to develop precipitation lines than would true positive sera. Such reactions may be avoided by a 2-Me treatment that destroys the IgM pentamer. 7 The AGID (HSE) should be avoided as a sole test because many of the positive precipitation reactions cannot be confirmed by other procedures such as blood cultures. Also, serum of infected dogs can yield equivocal results, 6 especially during the early or the late stages of infection, indicating lack of test specificity.This report is the first documentation of B. canis antibodies detected in Spain by use of RSAT (M-) and AGID (CPAg). Sources and manufacturers Early degenerative changes associated with spontaneous glaucoma in dogsStephanie L. Smedes, Richard R. DubielzigGlaucoma is classified as primary or secondary, acute or chronic, and open angle or closed angle. In humans, the histopathologic changes associated with acute glaucoma have been well described. Abnormalities include dilation with subsequent stasis of conjunctival and episcleral vessels, stromal and epithelial edema, pseudouveitis, ischemic iris necrosis with or without accompanying dyscoria, subcapsular lenticular opacification, and vitreal degeneration with or without detachment. Additional changes include papilledema followed by cavernous optic atrophy within 4-7 days. Large cystic or cavernous spaces develop within the substance of the prelaminar optic nerve head. Superficial retinal hemorrhages, retinal vessel occlusions, and retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell layer degeneration is seen. The outer neuronal layers remain unchanged.

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Section: Early Degenerative Changes Associated With Spontaneous Glaucmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The outer neuronal layers remain unchanged. [1][2][3] From the Departments of Surgical Sciences (Smedes) and Pathobiological Sciences (Dubielzig), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706.…”

Section: Early Degenerative Changes Associated With Spontaneous Glaucmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Degenerative Changes Associated with Spontaneous Glaucoma in Dogs

Smedes

Dubielzig

1994

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…eine Vakuolisierung des nichtpigmentierten Ziliarepithels (Meyer u. Mitarb. 1980), welche als Ursache für eine verminderte Kammerwassersekretion angesprochen werden könnten (Naumann 1986).…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Hypotonia bulbi und Gonadotropine bei myotonischer Dystrophie

Küchle¹,

Naumann²,

Völcker³

et al. 1988

Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

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Patients with myotonic dystrophy show ocular hypotony associated with primary hypogonadism and a secondary increase in the gonadotropins FSH and LH. By examining ten patients (nine men, one woman) with myotonic dystrophy and determining serum FSH and LH concentrations by radioimmunoassay, the authors tried to evaluate whether the decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) seen in myotonic dystrophy might be related to increase levels of gonadotropins. The IOP of the patients with myotonic dystrophy (mean 10.6 mm Hg, SD 3.9 mm Hg) was significantly lower (P less than 0.0005) than that of a randomly selected control group. In all nine male patients serum FSH concentrations (mean 41.7 mIU/ml, SD 18.9 mIU/ml, normal range 0.9-9.8 mIU/ml) and serum LH concentrations (mean 18.6 mIU/ml. SD 6.8 mIU/ml, normal range 2.2-12.0 mIU/ml) were significantly higher (FSH: P less than 0.0005, LH: P less than 0.05) than those of a control group of four normal men. The female patient's FSH was elevated (11.5 mIU/ml, normal range 1.7-8.5 mIU/ml), her LH concentration was slightly elevated (15.5 mIU/ml, normal range 2.5-15.4 mIU/ml). A statistically significant correlation was found between elevated LH concentrations and decreased IOP (P less than 0.05) but no such correlation between FSH and IOP (P less than = 0.17). Endogenous circulating gonadotropins may play an important role in regulating aqueous inflow via cyclic AMP which is produced by ciliary epithelia and causes a decrease in the rate of aqueous humor production. This theory is corroborated by humor production. This theory is corroborated by the authors' data and by experimental studies by Sears and co-workers.

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Dexamethasone induced ultrastructural changes in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells

Wilson

McCartney

Miggans

et al. 1993

Current Eye Research

100

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Glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension has been demonstrated in both animals and humans. It is possible that glucocorticoid-induced changes in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells are responsible for this hypertension. In order to elaborate further the effect of glucocorticoids on the trabecular meshwork, the ultrastructural consequences of dexamethasone (DEX) treatment were examined in three different human TM cell lines. Confluent TM cells were treated with 0.1 microM of DEX for 14 days, and then processed for light, epifluorescent microscopy or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of DEX treatment on TM cell and nuclear size was quantified using computer assisted morphometrics. Morphometric analysis showed a significant increase in both TM cell and nuclear size after 14 days of DEX treatment. Epifluorescent microscopy of rhodamine-phalloidin stained, control TM cells showed the normal arrangement of stress fibers. In contrast, DEX-treated TM cells showed unusual geodesic dome-like cross-linked actin networks. Control TM cells had the normal complement and arrangement of organelles as well as electron dense inclusions and large vacuoles. DEX-treated TM cells showed stacked arrangements of smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, proliferation of the Golgi apparatus, pleomorphic nuclei and increased amounts of extracellular matrix material. The DEX-induced alterations observed in the present study may be an indication of the processes that are occurring in the in vivo disease process.

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Glaucoma and Ocular Hypotony: Pathology of Abnormal Intraocular Pressure

Cited by 3 publications

References 300 publications

Early Degenerative Changes Associated with Spontaneous Glaucoma in Dogs

Early Degenerative Changes Associated with Spontaneous Glaucoma in Dogs

Hypotonia bulbi und Gonadotropine bei myotonischer Dystrophie

Dexamethasone induced ultrastructural changes in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells

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