Glass transition and crystallization of ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass doped with Y2O3

Thermal and crystallization kinetics of yttrium‐doped phosphate‐based glasses

“…The nucleation parameters or the Avrami exponent ( n ) were almost similar for the glass formulations tested. The dimensionality of crystal growth ( m ) depends on the Avrami exponent ( n ) and usually the dimensionality of crystal growth m is equal to n −1 . As such, a one‐dimensional crystal growth was suggested based on the Avrami exponent values obtained for the glasses investigated (see Table ).…”

“…Fu et al investigated the structural analysis on yttrium‐containing phosphate‐based glasses and they reported that yttrium acts as a network modifier . Mitang et al stated that generally rare earth oxides acts as a network modifiers in the glass structure and the introduction of the modifier oxide into the glass structure breaks the glass network, which subsequently creates a Non Bridging Oxygen (NBO) . The increase in molar volume with increasing Y 2 O 3 content was attributed to the increase in number of nonbridging oxygens which decreased the compactness of the glass structure subsequently leading to increase in molar volume.…”

“…The relaxation energy is the amount of energy needed to overcome the barrier between different quasi‐stable regions during the preparation of glass. Mitang et al studied yttrium oxide containing silicate glass and reported that E g was linked with to the structural relaxation energy and as such, E g was inversely proportional to the stability of the glass structure . In addition, they stated that Y 2 O 3 acts as a network modifier and its introduction into the glass structural network creates non‐bridging oxygen's (NBOs), which can increase the disorder and entropy of the glass structure.…”

“…The value of the dimensionality of growth ( m ) is related to the nucleation parameter/Avrami exponent ( n ) value. Usually, the dimensionality of crystal growth ( m ) is reported to be equal to n −1 . When surface crystallization predominates; the value of the nucleation and growth parameters are equal to 1 .…”

“…Singh et al investigated the 55SiO 2 ‐30B 2 O 3 – x Li 2 O–(15 − x ) Y 2 O 3 glass system and reported that Y 2 O 3 changed its role from glass former to network modifier as its concentration exceeded 5 mol% . Furthermore, incorporation of Y 2 O 3 into the zinc borosilicate glass system was reported to increase glass stability by 20°C with increasing yttria content from 0 to 3 mol% . Mahdy et al investigated yttrium aluminosilicate glasses and stated that the glass stability increased due to replacing Al 2 O 3 with Y 2 O 3 resulting in greater strength of the cross‐links between the Y 3+ cation and oxygen atoms, leading to an increase in the structural rigidity of the glasses .…”