Glass fibres

Comparing single-walled carbon nanotubes and samarium oxide as strain sensors for model glass-fibre/epoxy composites

“…It can be clearly seen that the roughness of the surface increased due to aggregated SWNTs on the fibre surface after the sizing process. This increased roughness may affect the interface between the glass fibre and the resin [2]. The diameter of these SWNT coated fibres was found to be 57 ± 7 lm [19].…”

“…One crucial factor in controlling the properties of composites is the fibre-matrix interface. Modification of the interface using silane treatment to improve the bonding between the fibre and the matrix is often applied [2]. Many methods have been used to characterize the stress transfer from the matrix to the reinforcing phase, and the properties of the interface, to understand the behaviour of composite materials.…”

Fiber spinnability of glass melts

“…It is empirically stated that fiber spinnability can be described by the ratio of melt viscosity ( η ) to surface tension ( λ ) at liquidus temperature ( T L ). A higher η / λ ratio corresponds to a higher fiber spinnability . The improvement in fiber drawing and fiber quality can be achieved by increasing this ratio.…”

“…For some silicate melts, surface tension decreases only by 10% when the fiberizing temperature increases by 300 K, but viscosity decreases by 2‐3 orders of magnitudes, leading to a significant decrease in η / λ . For glass compositions used in industrial production of continuous fibers, the working range of 400 K corresponds to the surface tension of 0.30‐0.34 N/m . Therefore, the composition dependence of viscosity at liquidus temperature is significantly stronger than that of surface tension.…”

Diffusion Effects in the Wetting of a Contaminated Surface

“…Nevertheless, there exist cases where the otherwise "simple" interface between, say, a solid S and a liquid L, and corresponding to a unique value of interfacial tension, γ SL , becomes modified with time, possibly by chemical interaction or swelling of the solid, or, as in the case of interest presented here, by the presence of a third component. For example, in the preparation of fibers to be used in the manufacture of composite materials, it is common practice to apply a sizing material (7), presumably to enhance wetting and/or interfacial bonding in the final product (although the exact composition of such materials is often a closely guarded industrial secret!). In the motor industry, a steel sheet is often covered with a thin layer of oil applied to improve corrosion resistance and lubricate to some extent the stamping process.…”