Glass beads/x‐ray fluorescence analyses of 42 components in felsic rocks

Abstract

Fused borate glass beads were used for the determination of 42 components (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Sn, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Th, and U) in felsic rocks using x‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Low‐dilution glass beads with 1:1 sample‐to‐flux ratios (called 1:1 glass beads) were prepared using the double‐fusing method to measure Sc, Sn, Cs, Hf, Ta, and rare earth elements. Double‐fusing, which uses two heating stages with intervening cooling to room temperature, was used to prepare homogeneous 1:1 glass beads. Pulverized rock samples of less than 20 µm modal diameter enabled us to prepare homogeneous 1:1, 1:2, and 1:10 glass beads. The glass bead thickness was set as constant because the fluorescent x‐ray intensity of heavier elements, such as Rb, Sr, Y, and Zr, was influenced by thickness of 1:10 glass beads. Mutual interference of the nine analytical lines, V Kα, Cr Kα, Y Kα, Zr Kα, Nb Kα, Ba Lα, Ce Lα, Er Lα, and Yb Lα, was corrected using the intensities of Ti Kα, V Kα, Rb Kα, Sr Kα, Y Kα, Rb Kα, Ba Lα, Zr Kα, and Ni Kβ, corresponding to each overlap. Calibration curves of the 42 components showed good linearity (coefficient of determination, r = 0.991–1.000). The calibration ranges, indicating lower and upper limits of detection, were 1.6–58 to 0.03–7.6 mass ppm for the major elements (Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, P2O5, K2O, CaO, TiO2, MnO, and Fe2O3) in 1:10 glass beads, 0.2–0.5 to 50–100 mass ppm for Rb, Sr, Y, and Zr in 1:10 glass beads, 0.3–6.0 to 20–230 mass ppm for minor elements (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Nb, Ba, W, Pb, Th, and U) in 1:2 glass beads, and 0.7–8.9 to 20–220 mass ppm for trace elements (Sc, Sn, Cs, Hf, Ta, and rare earth elements) in 1:1 glass beads. Using this method, we determined 42 components in two granites from Japan, weathered granite, obsidian, and rhyolite. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

X‐ray fluorescence analysis of sludge ash from sewage disposal plant

“…All the reagents were dried at appropriate conditions. 19 Solutions containing Cr, As, and Pb were pipetted into the mixture of ten major components and flux to prepare the calibrating mixture of Cr, As, and Pb with a 500-µl micropipette.…”

Preparation and Evaluation of a Chrysotile Asbestos-containing Standard Material for Validating X-Ray Diffractometric Quantitation

“…Glass beads of samples and calibrating standards for x-ray fluorescence spectrometric quantitation were prepared by a procedure from the literature. 23 The ISHIKAWA AGA grinder mill with an agate mortar and pestle, the IKA A11 basic cutter mill, and the FRITSCH P-6 planetary ball mill with an agate pot (65 mmf × 28 mm) and an agate ball (10 mm in diameter) were used for pulverization of the perlite board.…”

“…23 Forty glass beads were measured by x-ray fluorescence analysis to determine the concentration of the major components. The average concentration and RSD (n = 40) of the concentrations were as follows: 0.64% for 15.4 mass% of MgO, 0.28% for 49.1 mass% of SiO2, and 0.33% for 24.0 mass% of CaO, respectively.…”

Determination of total contents of bromine, iodine and several trace elements in soil by polarizing energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

“…X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has been widely used for the analysis of major and trace elements in food or plant samples (Nielson et al 1991;Marguí et al 2005), and in soil and other environmental samples (Yamasaki et al 1980;Gunicheva et al 1995;Kimura and Yamada 1996;Yu et al 2002;Jørgensen et al 2005;Nakayama et al 2007;Orescanin et al 2008). Energydispersive XRF (EDXRF) spectrometry has advantages over wavelength-dispersive XRF (WDXRF) spectrometry in instrumental stability and capability of simultaneous multi-element determination.…”