Glasgow prognostic score is superior to other inflammation-based scores in predicting survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Abstract

Inflammation-based prognostic scores, such as the glasgow prognostic score (GPS), prognostic index (PI), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were related to survival in many solid tumors. Recent study showed that GPS can be used to predict outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, other inflammation related scores had not been reported and it also remained unknown which of them was the most useful to evaluate the survival in DLBCLs. In this retrospective study, a number of 252 newly diagnosed and histologically proven DLBCLs from January 2003 to December 2014 were included. The high GPS, high PI, high NLR, high PLR and low PNI were all associated with poor overall survival (p < 0.05) and event-free survival (p < 0.05) in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis indicated that GPS (HR = 1.781, 95% CI = 1.065–2.979, p = 0.028) remained an independent prognostic predictor in DLBCL. The c-index of GPS (0.735, 95% CI = 0.645–0.824) was greater than that of PI (0.710, 95% CI = 0.621–0.799, p = 0.602), PNI (0.600, 95% CI = 0.517–0.683, p = 0.001), PLR (0.599, 95% CI = 0.510–0.689, p = 0.029) and NLR (0.572, 95% CI = 0.503–0.642, p = 0.005) by Harrell's concordance index. Especially in DLBCLs treated with R-CHOP, GPS still remained the most powerful prognostic score when comparing with others (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively for OS and EFS). In conclusion, it is indicated that inflammation-based prognostic scores such as GPS, PI, NLR, PNI and PLR all could be used to predict the outcome of DLBCLs. Among them, GPS is the most powerful indicator in predicting survival in DLBCLs, even in the rituximab era.

The Glasgow prognostic score at diagnosis is an independent predictor of survival in advanced stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma

“…From a clinicopathological perspective this is especially apparent in cHL, with scarce malignant cells embedded in a multifaceted inflammatory environment (Skinnider & Mak, ). GPS was recently shown to predict outcome in B cell lymphoma (Hao et al , ), whereas only NLR and PLR were established as prognosticators in cHL (Marcheselli et al , ; Reddy et al , ).…”

“…Clinical information was collected from original files and data were recorded (Table S1). Scores/ratios were calculated as described (Hao et al , ). Patients were treated with a chemotherapy regimen of the treating physician's choice with respective current German Hodgkin Study Group study protocols serving as institutional standard.…”

“…There is growing evidence of a drastic impact of GPS on outcome in various malignancies, including lymphoma and solid tumours (Hao et al , ). A most recent study by Reddy et al () assessed the prognostic capabilities of NLR and PLR in early stage cHL revealing independent adverse prognostic implications of an elevated PLR.…”

Differential activation of pro‐survival pathways in response to CD40LG/IL4 stimulation in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells

“…From a clinicopathological perspective this is especially apparent in cHL, with scarce malignant cells embedded in a multifaceted inflammatory environment (Skinnider & Mak, 2002). GPS was recently shown to predict outcome in B cell lymphoma (Hao et al, 2017), whereas only NLR and PLR were established as prognosticators in cHL (Marcheselli et al, 2017;Reddy et al, 2017).…”

“…Clinical information was collected from original files and data were recorded (Table S1). Scores/ratios were calculated as described (Hao et al, 2017). Patients were treated with a chemotherapy regimen of the treating physician's choice with respective current German Hodgkin Study Group study protocols serving as institutional standard.…”