“…The formation of the mountains, where Carboniferous paleovalleys were embedded, was interpreted in term of orogenic processes along the SW margin of Gondwana during middle Devonian (Isbell et al., 2012, see Table 1), and related to collision of continental terranes, deformation that has been more recently (and alternately) associated with flat subduction (debate out of the scope of this contribution, see discussions in Alasino et al., 2012; Heredia et al., 2016, 2018; Willner et al., 2005, 2011). However, the formation of mountain glacier paleovalleys postdate these orogenic events by > 60 myr (see Ezpeleta et al., 2020; Isbell et al., 2012) while most of the paleocurrent indicators and glacial records support a significant ice activity toward the east of the Gondwana margin, toward the pericratonic areas (in the Argentine Sierras Pampeanas, e.g., Ezpeleta et al., 2020; Valdez Buso et al., 2021). Alternatively, the mountain glacial landscape evolution has been associated with a rifting phase (Astini et al., 2011), but no Mississippian structures have been described to date along the inner SW Gondwana margin.…”