Glaciological Studies at Pasterze Glacier (Austria) Based on Aerial Photographs

Kaufmann, Viktor; Kellerer‐Pirklbauer, Andreas; Lieb, Gerhard Karl; Slupetzky, Heinz; Avian, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9813-6_9

Cited by 13 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, using a variety of assessing methods, such as that described in Section 3.3, is recommended to make error estimates more convincing. The results of the glacier surface changes are able to confirm the glacier changes outlined, e.g., in [9] or [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The NCC-derived displacement vectors (see Section 3.2) were investigated at stable points (n = 1446), where no change was expected, e.g., bedrock areas, see [13]. However, there was a displacement of 0.17 m (mean) detected.…”

Section: Displacement Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from the length fluctuations of the glacier tongue, these annual measurements focused on parameters such as glacier surface elevation changes and the movement of the glacier surface using terrestrial methods [9][10][11]. Furthermore, photogrammetric and map-based approaches including digital elevation model (DEM) differencing gave additional insights into the glacier behavior [12][13][14][15]. Another terrestrial approach was dedicated to glacial debris cover [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another terrestrial approach was dedicated to glacial debris cover [16]. In general, new methods are seen in addition and in respect to the long history of measurement as promising to improve the detailed knowledge of the glacier [9,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UAS-Based Change Detection of the Glacial and Proglacial Transition Zone at Pasterze Glacier, Austria

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Glacier-related applications of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in high mountain regions with steep topography are relatively rare. This study makes a contribution to the lack of UAS applications in studying alpine glaciers in the European Alps. We transferred an established workflow of UAS-based change detection procedures to Austria's largest glacier, the Pasterze Glacier. We focused on a selected part of the glacier tongue and its proglacial vicinity to obtain detailed knowledge of (i) the behavior of a lateral crevasse field, (ii) the evolution of glacier surface structures and velocity fields, (iii) glacier ablation behavior and the current glacier margin, and (iv) proglacial dead ice conditions and dead ice ablation. Based on two UAS flight campaigns, accomplished in 2016 (51 days apart), we produced digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthophotos with a ground sampling distance (GSD) of 0.15 m using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiling was additionally conducted in the proglacial area. Results indicate distinct changes in the crevasse field with massive ice collapses, rapid glacier recession, surface lowering (mean of −0.9 m), and ice disintegration at the margins, calculated degree day factors on the order of −7 to −11 mm d −1 · • C −1 for clean ice parts, and minimal changes of the debris-covered dead ice in the proglacial area. With this contribution we highlight the benefit of UAS in comparison to commonly used terrestrial methods and satellite-related approaches.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Displacement Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UAS-Based Change Detection of the Glacial and Proglacial Transition Zone at Pasterze Glacier, Austria

et al. 2017

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“…The glacier reached its latest maximum around 1852 in the Little Ice Age (Nicolussi and Patzelt, 2000) with a maximum area of 26.5 km 2 . Since then, the glacier constantly lost substance leading to a recent area of approximately 17.3 km 2 in 2009 (Kaufmann et al, 2015). Accordingly, since the end of the Little Ice Age period, the Pasterze Glacier lost approximately 35 % of its area and about 60 % of its volume.…”

Section: The Pasterze Glacier Austriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of stable areas in unreferenced laser scans for automated geomorphometric monitoring

Wujanz¹,

Avian

Krueger³

et al. 2018

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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Abstract. Current research questions in the field of geomorphology focus on the impact of climate change on several processes subsequently causing natural hazards. Geodetic deformation measurements are a suitable tool to document such geomorphic mechanisms, e.g. by capturing a region of interest with terrestrial laser scanners which results in a so-called 3-D point cloud. The main problem in deformation monitoring is the transformation of 3-D point clouds captured at different points in time (epochs) into a stable reference coordinate system. In this contribution, a surface-based registration methodology is applied, termed the iterative closest proximity algorithm (ICProx), that solely uses point cloud data as input, similar to the iterative closest point algorithm (ICP). The aim of this study is to automatically classify deformations that occurred at a rock glacier and an ice glacier, as well as in a rockfall area. For every case study, two epochs were processed, while the datasets notably differ in terms of geometric characteristics, distribution and magnitude of deformation. In summary, the ICProx algorithm's classification accuracy is 70 % on average in comparison to reference data.

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The evolution of brittle and ductile structures at the surface of a partly debris‐covered, rapidly thinning and slowly moving glacier in 1998–2012 (Pasterze Glacier, Austria)

Kellerer‐Pirklbauer

Kulmer

2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Many glaciers in alpine regions are currently rapidly receding and thinning at historically unobserved rates causing changes in the velocity field and in normal and shear stresses affecting the surface expression of structures within the ice. We studied the distribution of brittle and ductile structures at the surface of Pasterze Glacier during a 14‐year period by analysing orthophotos and digital elevation models of five stages (1998, 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012). A structural glaciological mapping key was applied. Normal faults, strike‐slip faults, en échelon structures (systematic stepping of fractures), thrust faults, and band ogives were distinguished. Results indicate substantial deceleration and glacier thinning in 1998–2012. Glacier thinning was not homogenous over time related to the uneven distribution of supraglacial debris causing differential ablation or the selective ablation effects of subglacial water channels. Peculiar supraglacial features observed are circular collapse structures with concentric crevasses which form when the ice between the surface and the roof of water channels decreases. The total length of brittle structures increased from 38.4 km to 56.9 km whereas the extent of the glacier tongue decreased by 25%. The fracture density doubled from 0.009 to 0.018 m/m2. Areas of the glacier tongue which were up to 100 m away from the nearest brittle structure increased by 16%. The visual appearance of thrust faults shifted upglacier due to decreasing glacier velocity causing horizontal shortening or due to exhumation of faults that did not previously extend to the surface. A large number of brittle structures are progressively independent from glacier motion. Our study suggests that glacier tongues which are in a state of rapid decay and thinning are prone to fracturing due to normal fault formation and glacier disintegration. Water further increases ablation rates substantially if rather large amounts drain through supra‐, en‐ or subglacial water channels. © 2018 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Glaciological Studies at Pasterze Glacier (Austria) Based on Aerial Photographs

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

UAS-Based Change Detection of the Glacial and Proglacial Transition Zone at Pasterze Glacier, Austria

UAS-Based Change Detection of the Glacial and Proglacial Transition Zone at Pasterze Glacier, Austria

Identification of stable areas in unreferenced laser scans for automated geomorphometric monitoring

The evolution of brittle and ductile structures at the surface of a partly debris‐covered, rapidly thinning and slowly moving glacier in 1998–2012 (Pasterze Glacier, Austria)

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