Glacio-Eustatic Control of Late Ordovician–Early Silurian Platform Sedimentation and Faunal Changes

Berry, William B. N.; Boucot, A. J.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<275:gcolos>2.0.co;2

Cited by 144 publications

(81 citation statements)

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“…Seaward of the platform, a deeper water zone in which the Maquoketa Shale was deposited proved to be a barrier. Withdrawal of the epicontinental sea from eastern North America at the end of Richmondian time, possibly due to a glacioeustatic sealevel drop (Berry and Boucot, 1973;Dennison, 1976), resulted in extinction of the Richmond Province solitary corals.…”

Section: Paleobiogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle and Late Ordovician solitary rugose corals of the Cincinnati Arch region

Elias¹

1983

Professional Paper

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Section: Paleobiogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle and Late Ordovician solitary rugose corals of the Cincinnati Arch region

Elias¹

1983

Professional Paper

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“…Numerous lines of evidence have been obtained from North America, Europe, China, and North Africa for the globally synchronous Ordovician-Silurian boundary mass extinction events [1,2,6] . Several hypotheses have been proposed as the cause of this particular geologic event, including changes in sea level [7] , temperature [8] , and paleoceanography [9] , reduction in habitat [10] , bolide impact [11] , and any of the above combinations [3] . The ultimate cause of this event, however, is still highly controversial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Geochemical changes across the Ordovician-Silurian transition on the Yangtze Platform, South China

Yan

Chen

Wang

et al. 2009

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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The trace element and rare earth element (REE) variations across the Ordovician-Silurian succession are presented from two outcrop sections on the Yangtze Platform: the Nanbazi section, Guizhou Province, deposited in a shallow platform interior setting, and the Wangjiawan section, Hubei Province, deposited in a deeper basinal environment. Geochemical analysis of closely spaced samples through three intervals, the Wufeng, Guanyinqiao and Longmaxi, revealed vast palaeoceanographic changes. Some geochemical proxies, including Th/U, Ni/Co, V/Cr, and V/(V+Ni) ratios, together with sedimentary facies and biotic data, indicate that an anoxic condition on the most of the Yangtze Platform during the Wufeng and Longmaxi intervals, but an oxic condition during the Guanyinqiao time. The shift of the anoxic to the oxic environment during the Guanyinqiao time coincided with a global sea-level lowstand, in parallel with the global glaciation. The Longmaxian anoxic environment was a result of a global sea-level rise, which may be synchronized with a mainly catastrophic event in the latest Ordovician.Although the two sections generally show similar variation patterns of trace and REE concentrations and some element ratios, a minor difference occurs between the Wangjiawan and Nanbazi sections, likely reflecting a difference in depositional setting during the accumulation. Such an oceanic oxygen-level variation may add a useful constraint to the current arguments on the cause and consequence of the latest Ordovician mass extinction. rare earth elements, trace elements, paleo-redox proxies, mass extinction, Ordovician-Silurian boundary, Yangtze Platform

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“…The primary pulse of extinction near the Katian/Hirnantian stage boundary closely coincided with the rapid growth of south polar ice sheets on Gondwana (1)(2)(3)(4). Expansion of continental ice sheets was accompanied by substantial cooling of the tropical oceans (5, 6), a major perturbation of the global carbon cycle (7)(8)(9) and a large drop in eustatic sea level (2,5,10,11), which drained the vast cratonic seaways that characterized the Late Ordovician world (12). Extinction rates were particularly high around the tropical paleocontinent of Laurentia (13) where retreat of cratonic seas drove a sharp reduction in the area of preserved sedimentary rock between Katian and Hirnantian time (Fig.…”

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Climate change and the selective signature of the Late Ordovician mass extinction

Finnegan

Heim

Peters

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

148

113

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Selectivity patterns provide insights into the causes of ancient extinction events. The Late Ordovician mass extinction was related to Gondwanan glaciation; however, it is still unclear whether elevated extinction rates were attributable to record failure, habitat loss, or climatic cooling. We examined Middle Ordovician-Early Silurian North American fossil occurrences within a spatiotemporally explicit stratigraphic framework that allowed us to quantify rock record effects on a per-taxon basis and assay the interplay of macrostratigraphic and macroecological variables in determining extinction risk. Genera that had large proportions of their observed geographic ranges affected by stratigraphic truncation or environmental shifts at the end of the Katian stage were particularly hard hit. The duration of the subsequent sampling gaps had little effect on extinction risk, suggesting that this extinction pulse cannot be entirely attributed to rock record failure; rather, it was caused, in part, by habitat loss. Extinction risk at this time was also strongly influenced by the maximum paleolatitude at which a genus had previously been sampled, a macroecological trait linked to thermal tolerance. A model trained on the relationship between 16 explanatory variables and extinction patterns during the early Katian interval substantially underestimates the extinction of exclusively tropical taxa during the late Katian interval. These results indicate that glacioeustatic sea-level fall and tropical ocean cooling played important roles in the first pulse of the Late Ordovician mass extinction in Laurentia.climate change | stratigraphy | sea level | Hirnantian | marine invertebrates T he Late Ordovician Mass Extinction (LOME) was the first of the "Big Five" Phanerozoic mass extinctions, and it eliminated an estimated 61% of marine genera globally (1). The LOME stands out among major mass extinctions in being unambiguously linked to climate change. The primary pulse of extinction near the Katian/Hirnantian stage boundary closely coincided with the rapid growth of south polar ice sheets on Gondwana (1-4). Expansion of continental ice sheets was accompanied by substantial cooling of the tropical oceans (5, 6), a major perturbation of the global carbon cycle (7-9) and a large drop in eustatic sea level (2, 5, 10, 11), which drained the vast cratonic seaways that characterized the Late Ordovician world (12). Extinction rates were particularly high around the tropical paleocontinent of Laurentia (13) where retreat of cratonic seas drove a sharp reduction in the area of preserved sedimentary rock between Katian and Hirnantian time (Fig. 1).The complex interrelated events surrounding the LOME exemplify a classic problem in paleobiology. Peaks in apparent extinction rate (14) are commonly associated with major gaps in the stratigraphic record or rapid changes in depositional environments. It is not always clear, however, whether these peaks simply reflect the spurious accumulation of last appearances at hiatal surfaces and lithofacies j...

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Glacio-Eustatic Control of Late Ordovician–Early Silurian Platform Sedimentation and Faunal Changes

Cited by 144 publications

References 0 publications

Middle and Late Ordovician solitary rugose corals of the Cincinnati Arch region

Middle and Late Ordovician solitary rugose corals of the Cincinnati Arch region

Geochemical changes across the Ordovician-Silurian transition on the Yangtze Platform, South China

Climate change and the selective signature of the Late Ordovician mass extinction

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