Glacier monitoring techniques

Karpilo, Ronald D.

doi:10.1130/2009.monitoring(06)

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Later work used a Maximum Length Sequence (MLS) as the source signal and another recursive acoustic model relating geometric spreading and reflection of the sound wave beneath the snow surface. The model incorporated theory from sonar and described a complete theory of acoustic scattering from snowpack layers using fractal analysis of rough snow interfaces [Kinar and Pomeroy, 2008a, 2008b, 2009. A picture of an acoustic sensing apparatus described in these papers is shown in Figure 30.…”

Section: Acoustic Bulk Property Measurements 2241 Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the physical properties of the snowpack

Kinar

Pomeroy

2015

Reviews of Geophysics

190

202

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This paper reviews measurement techniques and corresponding devices used to determine the physical properties of the seasonal snowpack from distances close to the ground surface. The review is placed in the context of the need for scientific observations of snowpack variables that provide inputs for predictive hydrological models that help to advance scientific understanding of geophysical processes related to snow in the near-surface cryosphere. Many of these devices used to measure snow are invasive and require the snowpack to be disrupted, thereby precluding the possibility for multiple measurements to be made at the same sampling location. Moreover, many devices rely on the use of empirical calibration equations that may not be valid at all geographic locations. The spatial density of observations with most snow measurement devices is often inadequate. There is a need for improved automation of snowpack measurement instrumentation with an emphasis on field-based feedback of measurement validity in lieu of postprocessing of samples or data at a lab or office location. The scientific future of snow measurement instrumentation thereby requires a synthesis between science and engineering principles that takes into consideration geophysics and the physics of device operation.

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Section: Acoustic Bulk Property Measurements 2241 Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the physical properties of the snowpack

Kinar

Pomeroy

2015

Reviews of Geophysics

190

202

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“…In the field of glaciology, photogrammetry provided an efficient method for quantifying the changes in glacier surface and mass balance (Welch and Howarth, 1968;Kääb and Funk, 1999;Fox and Gooch, 2001;Baltsavias et al, 2001). However, the use of traditional photogrammetric techniques requires specialized training and equipment (Karpilo, 2009).…”

Section: The Sfm-mvs Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of terrestrial photogrammetry based on structure‐from‐motion for mass balance estimation of a small glacier in the Italian alps

Piermattei

Carturan

Guarnieri

2015

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Different high-resolution techniques can be employed to obtain information about the three-dimensional (3D) surface of glaciers. This is typically carried out using efficient, but also expensive and logistically demanding, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technologies, such as airborne scanners and terrestrial laser scanners. Recent technological improvements in the field of image analysis and computer vision have prompted the development of a low-cost photogrammetric approach, which is referred to as 'structure-from-motion' (SfM). Combined with dense image-matching algorithms, this method has become competitive for the production of high-quality 3D models. However, several issues typical of this approach should be considered for application in glacial environments. In particular, the surface morphology, the different substrata, the occurrence of sharp contrast from solar shadows and the variable distance from the camera positions can negatively affect the image texture, and reduce the possibility of obtaining a reliable point cloud from the images. The objective of this study is to test the structure-from-motion multi view stereo (SfM-MVS) approach in a small debris-covered glacier located in the eastern Italian Alps, using a consumer-grade reflex camera and the computer vision-based software PhotoScan. The quality of the 3D models produced by the SfM-MVS process was assessed via the comparison with digital terrain models obtained from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) surveys that were performed at the same epochs. The effect of different terrain gradients and different substrata (debris, snow and firn) was also evaluated in terms of the accuracy of the reconstruction by SfM-MVS versus TLS. Our results show that the quality of this new photogrammetric approach is similar to the quality of TLS and that point cloud densities are comparable or even higher compared with TLS. However, special care should be taken while planning the SfM survey geometry, to optimize the 3D model quality and spatial coverage.

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“…All these parameters are relevant to study the influence of glaciers on the environment [27]. Important fields are:…”

Section: Remote Sensing Of Glaciersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Factors’ Effects on Glacier Variations in the Commune of Alto del Carmen, Chile

Staub¹,

Muñoz²

2016

Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing

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Ice bodies in the semi-arid mountainous regions of Chile are of vital importance for the local population. As variations of their extent are often associated with climate change, this study focuses on the glaciers and glacierets situated in the Commune Alto del Carmen and local and regional climate. We combine statistically Landsat satellite imagery, historical and ongoing weather data. The present study covers a time span of 21 years, 1994-2015. Our results indicate that the extent of all ice bodies has continuously diminished as a consequence of long-term climate variability.

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Glacier monitoring techniques

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Measurement of the physical properties of the snowpack

Measurement of the physical properties of the snowpack

Use of terrestrial photogrammetry based on structure‐from‐motion for mass balance estimation of a small glacier in the Italian alps

Climate Factors’ Effects on Glacier Variations in the Commune of Alto del Carmen, Chile

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