Glacial sea surface temperatures in the subtropical North Pacific: A comparison of U37k′, δ18O, and foraminiferal assemblage temperature estimates

Lee, Kyung Eun; Slowey, Niall C.; Herbert, Timothy D

doi:10.1029/1999pa000493

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This is due to the very low sedimentation rates that are inherent to oceanic areas distant from coastal zones that drastically limit the possibilities of obtaining SST data with a reasonable resolution for Holocene SST reconstructions. Few available records surrounding Hawaii (based on alkenones (Lee et al, 2001)) and the Azorean archipelagos (based on Mg/Ca (Repschlä ger et al, 2009)), however, seem to confirm the hypothesis we have suggested for low-latitude SST responses to seasonal insolation changes.…”

Section: Perspectives To Further Improve the Understanding Of Sst Promentioning

confidence: 44%

Holocene and Eemian sea surface temperature trends as revealed by alkenone and Mg/Ca paleothermometry

Leduc

Schneider

Kim

et al. 2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

386

238

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a b s t r a c tIn this study we review a global set of alkenone-and foraminiferal Mg/Ca-derived sea surface temperatures (SST) records from the Holocene and compare them with a suite of published Eemian SST records based on the same approach. For the Holocene, the alkenone SST records belong to the actualized GHOST database (Kim, J.-H., Schneider R.R., (2004). GHOST global database for alkenone-derived Holocene seasurface temperature records. Available from: http://www.pangaea.de/Projects/GHOST.), while the Mg/ Ca-derived SST database represents a new compilation. The actualized GHOST database not only confirms the SST changes previously described but also documents the Holocene temperature evolution in new oceanic regions such as the Northwestern Atlantic, the eastern equatorial Pacific, and the Southern Ocean. A comparison of Holocene SST records stemming from the two commonly applied paleothermometry methods reveals contrasting -sometimes divergent -SST evolution, particularly at low latitudes where SST records are abundant enough to infer systematic discrepancies at a regional scale. Opposite SST trends at particular locations could be explained by out-of-phase trends in seasonal insolation during the Holocene. This hypothesis assumes that a strong contrast in the ecological responses of coccolithophores and planktonic foraminifera to winter and summer oceanographic conditions is the ultimate reason for seasonal differences in the origin of the temperature signal provided by these organisms. As a simple test for this hypothesis, Eemian SST records are considered because the Holocene and Eemian time periods experienced comparable changes in orbital configurations, but had a higher magnitude in insolation variance during the Eemian. For several regions, SST changes during both interglacials were of a similar sign, but with higher magnitudes during the Eemian as compared to the Holocene. This observation suggests that the ecological mechanism shaping SST trends during the Holocene was comparable during the penultimate interglacial period. Although this ''ecology hypothesis'' fails to explain all of the available results, we argue that any other mechanism would fail to satisfactorily explain the observed SST discrepancies among proxies.

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Section: Perspectives To Further Improve the Understanding Of Sst Promentioning

confidence: 44%

Holocene and Eemian sea surface temperature trends as revealed by alkenone and Mg/Ca paleothermometry

Leduc

Schneider

Kim

et al. 2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

386

238

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…3) of our glacial chronology with the pollenbased record of temperature and precipitation from O'ahu (Hotchkiss and Juvik, 1999) and the alkenone-based SST record from the subtropical North Pacific (Lee and Slowey, 1999;Lee et al, 2001), shows that the two Makanaka glaciations were associated with large changes of temperature or precipitation (but not necessarily both!). At sea level, assuming our 36 Cl ages are accurate, the Older Makanaka climate was colder than today by $38C and as wet as today.…”

Section: Climatic Inferences From Makanaka Ice Capsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least one additional palaeoclimatic record is necessary for a unique solution because ELA depends on both temperature and precipitation. We used two: a pollen-derived temperature record from a lowelevation (463 m) site on O'ahu (Hotchkiss and Juvik, 1999) and an alkenone-based SST record from the subtropical North Pacific (Lee and Slowey, 1999;Lee et al, 2001). During our analysis, it was necessary to transfer these low-elevation temperatures to the elevation of the Makanaka moraines.…”

Section: Climatic Inferences From Makanaka Ice Capsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we used cosmogenic 36 Cl surface-exposure dating to develop a new chronology for moraines and other landforms associated with the last two glacial expansions on Mauna Kea. Then, we developed high-elevation temperature and precipitation estimates for the Makanaka glaciations that are based on a glacier mass balance model for Mauna Kea, our glacial chronology, a pollen-based record of air temperatures from the nearby island of O'ahu (Hotchkiss and Juvik, 1999), an alkenone-derived record of sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) from the subtropical North Pacific (Lee and Slowey, 1999;Lee et al, 2001) and temperature lapse rates that include a new correction for atmospheric moisture. Finally, we analysed spatial patterns of precipitation during glacial times and speculate on the origin of moisture that caused precipitation sufficient to grow and maintain ice caps on Mauna Kea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ages and inferred causes of Late Pleistocene glaciations on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i

Pigati

Zréda

Zweck

et al. 2008

J Quaternary Science

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Glacial landforms on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i, show that the summit area of the volcano was covered intermittently by ice caps during the Late Pleistocene. Cosmogenic 36 Cl dating of terminal moraines and other glacial landforms indicates that the last two ice caps, called Older Makanaka and Younger Makanaka, retreated from their maximum positions approximately 23 ka and 13 ka, respectively. The margins and equilibrium line altitudes of these ice caps on the remote, tropical Pacific island were nearly identical, which would seem to imply the same mechanism for ice growth. But modelling of glacier mass balance, combined with palaeotemperature proxy data from the subtropical North Pacific, suggests that the causes of the two glacial expansions may have been different. Older Makanaka air atop Mauna Kea was likely wetter than today and cold, whereas Younger Makanaka times were slightly warmer but significantly wetter than the previous glaciation. The modelled increase in precipitation rates atop Mauna Kea during the Late Pleistocene is consistent with that near sea level inferred from pollen data, which suggests that the additional precipitation was due to more frequent and/or intense tropical storms associated with eastward-moving cold fronts. These conditions were similar to modern La Niñ a (weak ENSO) conditions, but persisted for millennia rather than years. Increased precipitation rates and the resulting steeper temperature lapse rates created glacial conditions atop Mauna Kea in the absence of sufficient cooling at sea level, suggesting that if similar correlations existed elsewhere in the tropics, the precipitation-dependent lapse rates could reconcile the apparent difference between glacial-time cooling of the tropics at low and high altitudes.

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“…This was once thought to be true of the tropics, but widespread observational and modelling evidence have suggested that the glacial tropical oceans were 1-2°C cooler than today (e.g. Lee et al, 2001;Kitoh et al, 2001). This cooling may be due to the decrease in moisture in the free troposphere that accompanied global cooling during the last glacial period (Seager et al, 2000).…”

Section: Glacial To Interglacial Atmospheric Circulation Change and Imentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the oceans in climate

Bigg

Jickells

Liss

et al. 2003

Intl Journal of Climatology

124

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The ocean is increasingly seen as a vital component of the climate system. It exchanges with the atmosphere large quantities of heat, water, gases, particles and momentum. It is an important part of the global redistribution of heat from tropics to polar regions keeping our planet habitable, particularly equatorward of about 30°. In this article we review recent work examining the role of the oceans in climate, focusing on research in the Third Assessment Report of the IPCC and later. We discuss the general nature of oceanic climate variability and the large role played by stochastic variability in the interaction of the atmosphere and ocean. We consider the growing evidence for biogeochemical interaction of climatic significance between ocean and atmosphere. Air-sea exchange of several radiatively important gases, in particular CO 2 , is a major mechanism for altering their atmospheric concentrations. Some more reactive gases, such as dimethyl sulphide, can alter cloud formation and hence albedo. Particulates containing iron and originating over land can alter ocean primary productivity and hence feedbacks to other biogeochemical exchanges. We show that not only the tropical Pacific Ocean basin can exhibit coupled ocean-atmosphere interaction, but also the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Longer lived interactions in the North Pacific and Southern Ocean (the circumpolar wave) are also reviewed. The role of the thermohaline circulation in long-term and abrupt climatic change is examined, with the freshwater budget of the ocean being a key factor for the degree, and longevity, of change. The potential for the Mediterranean outflow to contribute to abrupt change is raised. We end by examining the probability of thermohaline changes in a future of global warming.

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Glacial sea surface temperatures in the subtropical North Pacific: A comparison of U₃₇^k′, δ¹⁸O, and foraminiferal assemblage temperature estimates

Cited by 34 publications

References 32 publications

Holocene and Eemian sea surface temperature trends as revealed by alkenone and Mg/Ca paleothermometry

Holocene and Eemian sea surface temperature trends as revealed by alkenone and Mg/Ca paleothermometry

Ages and inferred causes of Late Pleistocene glaciations on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i

The role of the oceans in climate

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