Glacial–interglacial variability in deep sea ostracod assemblage composition at IODP Site U1314 in the subpolar North Atlantic

Zarikian, C.A. Alvarez; Stepanova, A.; Grützner, Jens

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2008.11.009

Cited by 65 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…In the modern ocean, deep-sea bivalves, gastropods, isopods, cumaceans, and foraminifera all show strong LSDGs (2)(3)(4)(5)(6), and studies of benthic foraminifera assemblages indicate that the deep-sea gradients were established Ϸ36 million years ago (7). The environmental stability hypothesis holds that stability in tropical (1,8), and deep-sea (9, 10) environments might enhance species diversity, but there is now evidence for highly fluctuating high-latitude deep-sea diversity during Quaternary climatic cycles (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Surprisingly little attention has been given to understanding low-latitude deepsea diversity and the temporal dynamics of the LSDGs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal latitudinal-gradient dynamics and tropical instability of deep-sea species diversity

Yasuhara

Hunt²,

Cronin³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

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A benthic microfaunal record from the equatorial Atlantic Ocean over the past four glacial-interglacial cycles was investigated to understand temporal dynamics of deep-sea latitudinal species diversity gradients (LSDGs). The results demonstrate unexpected instability and high amplitude fluctuations of species diversity in the tropical deep ocean that are correlated with orbital-scale oscillations in global climate: Species diversity is low during glacial and high during interglacial periods. This implies that climate severely influences deep-sea diversity, even at tropical latitudes, and that deep-sea LSDGs, while generally present for the last 36 million years, were weakened or absent during glacial periods. Temporally dynamic LSDGs and unstable tropical diversity require reconsideration of current ecological hypotheses about the generation and maintenance of biodiversity as they apply to the deep sea, and underscore the potential vulnerability and conservation importance of tropical deep-sea ecosystems.deep-sea Ostracoda ͉ global climate change ͉ latitudinal species diversity gradients ͉ macroecology ͉ Quaternary paleoceanography L atitudinal species diversity gradients (LSDGs), the patterns in which tropical regions contain more species than high latitudes, are one of the most basic ecological patterns on the earth (1). In the modern ocean, deep-sea bivalves, gastropods, isopods, cumaceans, and foraminifera all show strong LSDGs (2-6), and studies of benthic foraminifera assemblages indicate that the deep-sea gradients were established Ϸ36 million years ago (7). The environmental stability hypothesis holds that stability in tropical (1,8), and deep-sea (9, 10) environments might enhance species diversity, but there is now evidence for highly fluctuating high-latitude deep-sea diversity during Quaternary climatic cycles (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Surprisingly little attention has been given to understanding low-latitude deepsea diversity and the temporal dynamics of the LSDGs. Although pollen records suggest a persistent latitudinal diversity gradient existed in terrestrial ecosystems over the last 13,000 years (17, 18), we know of no studies of species-level temporal dynamics of LSDGs based on fossil assemblages from marine environments, despite the sensitivity of marine ecosystems to climatic change (12,13,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24).The Ostracoda (Crustacea) are an important component of the deep-sea benthos (25)(26)(27), and the only commonly fossilized metazoan group in deep-sea sediments (12,13,28). Their various habitats and ecological preferences represent a wide range of deep-sea benthic niches, and their fossil record is considered representative of the benthic community (12,13,28). Furthermore, large (Ϸ130 m) glacial-interglacial sea-level changes (29), which drastically altered shallow-marine environments, had negligible effects on deep-sea habitats (e.g., Ͼ1,000 m water depth). Here, we examine low-latitude Quaternary records of deep-sea ostracods and temporal changes in LSDGs in the North Atlantic Oc...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal latitudinal-gradient dynamics and tropical instability of deep-sea species diversity

Yasuhara

Hunt²,

Cronin³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

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“…Downhole changes in assemblage composition reflect variations in organic export fluxes to the seafloor and bottom water ventilation that are probably linked to glacial-interglacial oscillations in biological surface productivity and ocean circulation. In particular, the buliminids, globobuliminids, uvigerinids, miliolids, and the ostracod Krithe, which can be used to reconstruct changes in productivity and dysoxia (Jorissen et al, 2007;Alvarez Zarikian et al, 2009), show marked fluctuations in abundance throughout the succession.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expedition 346 summary

Tada¹,

Murray²,

Zarikian³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the IODP

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Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 346 (29 July-27 September 2013) drilled seven sites covering a wide latitudinal range in the body of water bordered by the Eurasian continent, the Korean Peninsula, and the Japanese Islands, as well as two closely spaced sites in the East China Sea. This expedition recovered 6135.3 m of core with an average recovery of 101%-a record amount of core recovered during any single IODP expedition. Expedition 346 was the first scientific drilling expedition ever to focus exclusively on the climate system in this region, which is at once so critical yet potentially vulnerable to the challenges society faces in the coming years of global climate change. With the East Asian Monsoon directly affecting the water supply of one-third of the global population, the expedition scientific results and postexpedition research that will follow have direct bearing on society's understanding of this complex atmosphereocean climate system. The high quality of materials recovered and the complete documentation of their geological, geochemical, and geophysical context will lead to an unparalleled series of future studies by the expedition Science Party as well as many other scientists over the coming decades. Cores obtained during this expedition will be used to test the hypothesis that Pliocene-Pleistocene uplift of the Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau, and the consequent emergence of the two discrete modes of Westerly Jet circulation, caused the amplification of millennial-scale variability of the East Asian summer monsoon and East Asian winter monsoon and provided teleconnection mechanism(s) for Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles.Recent and novel advances in drilling technology and newly developed analytical tools enabled collection and examination of sediment records that were impossible to acquire even a few years ago. The newly engineered half advanced piston corer enabled recovery of the deepest piston core in Deep Sea Drilling Project/ Ocean Drilling Program/IODP history (490.4 m in IODP Hole U1427A); that achievement was also the deepest continuously recovered piston cored sequence, initiated at the mudline and penetrating to ~500 m core depth below seafloor, Method A (CSF-A). Technological advances delivered a series of "new surprises" (e.g., pristine dark-light laminae from ~12 Ma sediment recovered by piston core from 410 m CSF-A at IODP Site U1425 and from 210 m CSF-A at IODP Site U1430) that will stimulate new scientific in-

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“…Several authors have tried to reconstruct the Pliocene and Quaternary sedimentary stacking pattern and evolution of the large drifts within that CDS (Faugères et al, 1985;Nelson et al, 1999;Llave et al, 2001Llave et al, , 2007aLlave et al, , 2011Hanquiez et al, 2007;Hernán-dez-Molina et al, 2006, 2009García et al, 2009;Marchès et al, 2007Marchès et al, , 2010Roque et al, 2012). They have proposed a contourite stacking pattern by different units and subunits depending very much on the resolution degree of their data set.…”

Section: Site U1387mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This assemblage is present during three intervals in the record: in the upper 220 mbsf, between 315 and 420 mbsf, and between 820 and 850 mbsf. These taxa characterize upper bathyal environments with increased organic matter flux and reduced ventilation (Cronin, 1983;Ruiz et al, 2008;Alvarez Zarikian et al, 2009). Assemblage C is present in the upper 350 mbsf at Site U1387, and its proportion increases to >50% in Samples 339-U1387B-1H-CC and 2H-CC (8-15 mbsf).…”

Section: Ostracodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site U1387

2013

Proceedings of the IODP

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Glacial–interglacial variability in deep sea ostracod assemblage composition at IODP Site U1314 in the subpolar North Atlantic

Cited by 65 publications

References 94 publications

Temporal latitudinal-gradient dynamics and tropical instability of deep-sea species diversity

Temporal latitudinal-gradient dynamics and tropical instability of deep-sea species diversity

Expedition 346 summary

Site U1387

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