Glacial history, drift composition, and mineral exploration, central Labrador

Klassen, R W; Thompson, F J

doi:10.4095/183906

Cited by 25 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Most iceflow studies cited in this paper, carried out at various locations on the Shield, present compelling evidence that intersecting striations mapped systematically, grouped into classes of relative ages and correlated with glacial transport data, allow meaningfull reconstructions of former ice divide positions both within the Labrador (Klassen and Thompson, 1993;Veillette et al, 1999) and the Keewatin (McMartin and Henderson, this volume) sectors of the LIS. The hard, crystalline substrate of the Canadian Shield, where glacial erosion was generally less severe than in regions underlain by younger, less resistant, clastic or calcareous sedimentary rocks, contributed to the preservation of a longer striation record.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All three are crossed by southeastward striations and occur within 20 km of each other. A tentative correlation for these former striations with the oldest northeastward striated surfaces observed in southern Labrador (Klassen and Thompson, 1993) and in the Caniapiscau area (Veillette et al, 1999), and attributed to ice dispersal centres located in the Québec highlands by these authors, is proposed.…”

Section: Manicouagan Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Broad, regional ice flow studies, over large areas of the Canadian Shield, have largely been limited to the mapping of apparent glacial lineaments from satellite imagery or conventional airphotos, with little control from striations and glacial transport data (Boulton and Clark, 1990;Clark et al, 2000;Jansson et al, 2002). For the eastern part of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) complex sequences of shifting ice flows were proposed, particularly in Témiscamingue, Abitibi, southwest of Hudson Bay, in Labrador, to the east and to the northwest of Hudson Bay, using the dispersal of distinctive clasts or geochemical indicators, the striation record and the orientation of landforms (Veillette, 1986;Veillette and McClenaghan, 1996;Thorleifson et al, 1992;Klassen and Thompson, 1993;Parent et al, 1996;Veillette et al, 1999;McMartin and Henderson, this volume). Most detailed ice-flow reconstructions, however, have been confined to the geological provinces with the highest mineral potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ice-Flow Chronology and Palimpsest, Long-Distance Dispersal of Indicator Clasts, North of the St. Lawrence River Valley, Quebec

Veillette

2006

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An ice flow model, based on the distribution of distinctive Proterozoic erratics from the Lake Mistassini and Monts Otish sedimentary basins, and on the mapping of relict striations in a 230 000 km2 area located predominantly in Grenville Province, Québec, is presented to reconstruct the evolution of a large part of the Labrador Sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during the Wisconsinan. The results, were added to those of similar surveys carried out in the Abitibi region, and further north. Striated surfaces and indicator clasts from an early northwestward flow, overprinted by those from a widespread southeastward flow, and lastly by those from deglaciation flows toward the southwest, south, and southeast, revealed a complex sequence of events. The northwestward flow originated from a NE‑SW, early Wisconsinan, ice divide located in the Québec highlands, south of Lake Mistassini, that migrated to a position north of the lake, at the Last Glacial Maximum, to give rise to the widespread, southeastward ice flow, that left traces over a large part of Grenville Province. Deglaciation triggered a clockwise shift in ice-flow south of Lake Mistassini, and a counterclockwise shift, north of it. Inception of the northwestward flowing glacier probably results from the coalescence of ice caps formed at the highest elevations along a narrow fringe, north of and parallel to the St. Lawrence River Valley, and expansion toward the northwest suggests a similarity with the windward growth model of ice sheet expansion. The ice flow model has implications for mineral exploration methods based on the sampling of glacial sediments.Une séquence d’écoulements glaciaires est proposée pour expliquer l’évolution d’une grande partie du secteur du Labrador de la calotte laurentidienne au cours du Wisconsinien, à partir de la répartition d’erratiques distinctifs provenant des roches protérozoïques des bassins sédimentaires du lac Mistassini et des monts Otish, et de celle de stries glaciaires anciennes dans une région d’environ 230 000 km2, dont la majeure partie est située dans la province de Grenville, au Québec. Ces nouvelles données ont été ajoutées à celles provenant de levés semblables menés antérieurement en Abitibi, et plus loin au nord. Les surfaces striées et les indicateurs lithologiques de transport glaciaire, associés au premier écoulement vers le nord-ouest, recoupés par ceux d’un écoulement majeur vers le sud-est, et ensuite par ceux d’écoulements vers le sud-ouest, le sud et le sud-est, lors de la déglaciation du territoire, témoignent d’une suite complexe d’évènements glaciaires. Le mouvement initial, vers le nord-ouest, résulte d’une zone de partage des glaces d’orientation NE‑SO, située dans les hautes terres du Québec, au sud du lac Mistassini, laquelle se déplaça au nord du lac Mistassini au Pléniglaciaire, pour former l’écoulement vers le sud-est, dont les traces couvrent une grande partie de la province de Grenville. Lors de la dernière déglaciation des ajustements dans le sens d’écoulement des glaces ont engendré des ro...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Manicouagan Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ice-Flow Chronology and Palimpsest, Long-Distance Dispersal of Indicator Clasts, North of the St. Lawrence River Valley, Quebec

Veillette

2006

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“…This technique has its roots in mineral prospecting where geochemistry is used to establish the provenance and dispersal pattern of valuable mineral deposits that have underwent transport by ice during glaciation (e.g. Aario & Peuraniemi, 1992;Kauranne, 1958;Klassen, 2001;Klassen & Thompson, 1993;McClenaghan, Thorleifson, & DiLabio, 2000;Parent, Paradis, & Doiron, 1996;Peuraniemi, Aario, & Pulkkinen, 1997;Sarala, Rossi, Peuraniemi, & Ojala, 2007;Veillette, 2004). The geochemical signature of the till is inherited from the bedrock parent material which allows till provenance to be established (Boston, Evans, & Ó 'Cofaigh, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal component analysis of the geochemistry of soil developed on till in Northern Ireland

et al. 2013

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This paper presents results from the first regional statistical analysis of soils developed on till in Northern Ireland, using the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland's Tellus geochemical database. Till geochemistry is largely determined by its parent bedrock and soils developed on tills are known to inherit this geochemical signature. Soil geochemistry from areas of till can therefore be used to establish sediment provenance which in turn provides information on palaeo ice flow directions and ice sheet history. In this study, we use Principal Component Analysis to establish geochemical groupings that can be related back to likely bedrock parent material for the tills in the region. The maps, presented here at 1:445,000 scale, show the results of the first regional investigation of soil geochemistry of part of the northern sector of the Irish Ice Sheet. The results indicate that the upper surface of the majority of tills in the study area have a close relationship to local bedrock with rapid geochemical changes observed at lithological boundaries. This suggests that tills in this sector of the Irish Ice Sheet are primarily local in origin, indicating rapid entrainment of bedrock and low rates of evacuation of debris to the ice margin.

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“…The exact location of The Topsails dispersal centre is uncertain, and may have migrated during the Late Wisconsinan, similar to other parts of Newfoundland and Labrador (e.g., Klassen and Thompson, 1993;Catto, 1998a (Whalen and Currie, 1988) clasts across the Humber River basin.…”

Section: Principales Directions Glaciaires Observées Dans Le Bassin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographically-controlled Deglacial History of the Humber River Basin, Western Newfoundland

Batterson

Catto

2003

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AbstractThe Humber River in western Newfoundland flows through a large interior basin, that influenced Late Wisconsinan ice flow from major dispersal centres to the north, in the Long Range Mountains, and to the east in The Topsails. An early southward ice flow from a source to the north covered coastal areas in the western part of the basin. Subsequent regional ice flow was southwestward to northwestward from The Topsails, while south to southwestward flowing ice from the Long Range Mountains occupied the upper Humber River valley. This flow was confluent with ice from The Topsails and moved northwestward toward Bonne Bay. Regional deglaciation began about 13 ka from the inner coast. Ice occupying the Deer Lake valley dammed glacial Lake Howley in the adjacent Grand Lake and Sandy Lake basins to an elevation up to 85 m above present lake levels, which were controlled by drainage through a western outlet feeding into St. George’s Bay. The lake was lowered by exposure of the South Brook valley outlet, and finally drained catastrophically through a spillway at Junction Brook. Marine limit at the coast was 60 m asl. Inland deltas at the head of Deer Lake and fine-grained sediment exposed in the Deer Lake valley show inundation below 45 m present elevation. This produced a narrow embayment extending at least 50 km inland from the modern coast and is named here as ‘Jukes Arm’. Dated marine macrofossils in the Humber Arm and lower Humber River valley, indicate the deltas at the head of Deer Lake formed about 12.5 ka.

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Glacial history, drift composition, and mineral exploration, central Labrador

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Ice-Flow Chronology and Palimpsest, Long-Distance Dispersal of Indicator Clasts, North of the St. Lawrence River Valley, Quebec

Ice-Flow Chronology and Palimpsest, Long-Distance Dispersal of Indicator Clasts, North of the St. Lawrence River Valley, Quebec

Principal component analysis of the geochemistry of soil developed on till in Northern Ireland

Topographically-controlled Deglacial History of the Humber River Basin, Western Newfoundland

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