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Omer, Mazin; Skjerve, Eystein; Woldehiwet, Z.; Holstad, Gudmund

doi:10.1023/a:1010531802372

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In 1998, a cross-sectional study carried out on 1 813 animals (494 intensive dairy farms) of Eritrea suggested that imported breeds, used to improve the dairy industry in tropical areas, may be less resistant to bTB compared to indigenous breeds, e.g. zebu [88]. Elias et al.…”

Section: Risk Factors At the Animal Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cross-sectional study on 1 813 animals from 494 herds carried out in Eritrea in 2001 suggested that farm size (surface), was a risk factor for bTB but no information was provided regarding what farm size was considered as being at risk [88]. Farm size, in terms of number of holdings and boundary length, has an impact on bTB risk, as shown in the UK3.…”

Section: Herd-level Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of worldwide bovine tuberculosis risk factors in cattle: a stratified approach

2009

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The worldwide status of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) as a zoonosis remains of great concern. This article reviews the main risk factors for bTB in cattle based on a three-level classification: animal, herd and region/country level. A distinction is also made, whenever possible, between situations in developed and developing countries as the difference of context might have consequences in terms of risk of bTB. Recommendations are suggested to animal health professionals and scientists directly involved in the control and prevention of bTB in cattle. The determination of Millenium Development Goals for bTB is proposed to improve the control/eradication of the disease worldwide.

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Section: Risk Factors At the Animal Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Herd-level Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of worldwide bovine tuberculosis risk factors in cattle: a stratified approach

2009

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“…Further, the choice of workable control measures and strategies should take into account all key factors unique to each different ecosystem. A number of factors have been observed to be associated with BTB in cattle herds [44]. Oloya and coworkers observed that BTB was associated with different types of drinking water sources [45].…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same study also indicated that BTB is linked to specific geographical regions of production although they did not conclusively state the factors responsible for this observation [45]. BTB has also been shown to be associated with communal grazing, animal breed type and husbandry practices [44]. Studies have also shown that herd size has an influence on the prevalence of BTB [12, 30, 31, 46, 47].…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bovine Tuberculosis in the Kafue Basin Ecosystem

Munyeme

Munang’andu

2011

Veterinary Medicine International

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The Kafue basin ecosystem is the only remaining natural habitat for the endangered Kafue lechwe antelope (Kobus leche Kafuensis). However, hydroelectricity power production, large-scale sugar plantations, commercial fishing and increasing livestock production are threatening its natural existence and sustainability. Further, increasing human settlements within and around the Kafue basin have resulted in decreased grazing grounds for the Kafue lechwe antelopes despite a corresponding increase in cattle population sharing the same pasture. Baseline epidemiological data have persistently reported findings of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in both wild and domestic animals, although these have been deficient in terms of describing direct evidence in the role of either lechwe antelopes or cattle in the reported observations. Despite the current literature being deficient in establishing the casual role and transmission patterns of BTB, a bimodal route of infection at the livestock/wildlife interface has been postulated. Likewise, it is not known how much of (BTB) has the potential of causing disease in humans. This paper, seeks to underline those aspects that need further research and update available data on BTB in the Kafue basin with regards to the prevalence, distribution, risk factors, threats on wildlife conservation, livestock production, public health implications, and possible mitigatory measures.

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“…At individual level, the prevalence of tuberculosis-like lesions has been found to increase with age in cattle and buffalo [14,15]. Different breeds of cattle also experience different risk of BTB [16]. At herd level, factors such as herd size and previous infection status have been identified to correlate with the probability of positive reaction to BTB test [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dilution effect in bovine tuberculosis: risk factors for regional disease occurrence in Africa

et al. 2013

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Changes in host diversity have been postulated to influence the risk of infectious diseases, including both dilution and amplification effects. The dilution effect refers to a negative relationship between biodiversity and disease risk, whereas the amplification effect occurs when biodiversity increases disease risk. We tested these effects with an influential disease, bovine tuberculosis (BTB), which is widespread in many countries, causing severe economic losses. Based on the BTB outbreak data in cattle from 2005 to 2010, we also tested, using generalized linear mixed models, which other factors were associated with the regional BTB presence in cattle in Africa. The interdependencies of predictors and their correlations with BTB presence were examined using path analysis. Our results suggested a dilution effect, where increased mammal species richness was associated with reduced probability of BTB presence after adjustment for cattle density. In addition, our results also suggested that areas with BTB infection in the preceding year, higher cattle density and larger percentage of area occupied by African buffalo were more likely to report BTB outbreaks. Climatic variables only indirectly influenced the risk of BTB presence through their effects on cattle density and wildlife distribution. Since most studies investigating the role of wildlife species on BTB transmission only involve single-species analysis, more efforts are needed to better understand the effect of the structure of wildlife communities on BTB dynamics.

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Cited by 37 publications

References 4 publications

Classification of worldwide bovine tuberculosis risk factors in cattle: a stratified approach

Classification of worldwide bovine tuberculosis risk factors in cattle: a stratified approach

A Review of Bovine Tuberculosis in the Kafue Basin Ecosystem

Dilution effect in bovine tuberculosis: risk factors for regional disease occurrence in Africa

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