GL Beams Reinforced with Plywood in the Outer Layer

Dziurka, Dorota; Derkowski, Adam; Wieruszewski, Marek; Kuliński, Marcin; Mirski, Radosław

doi:10.3390/ma15113976

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Numerous studies show a strong correlation between the severity of basic defects in wood on the variability of strength. This is reflected in the results of the study [49,50].…”

Section: Comparison Of Experimental and Numerical Models Depending On...mentioning

confidence: 77%

Fibre-Reinforced Polymers and Steel for the Reinforcement of Wooden Elements—Experimental and Numerical Analysis

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

These elements are innovative and of interest to many researchers for the reinforcement of wooden elements. For the reinforced beam elements, the effect of the reinforcement factor, FRP and steel elastic modulus or FRP and steel arrangement of the reinforcement on the performance of the flexural elements was determined, followed by reading the load-displacement diagram of the reinforced beam elements. The finite element model was then developed and verified with the experimental results, which was mainly related to the fact that the general theory took into account the typical tensile failure mode, which can be used to predict the flexural strength of reinforced timber beams. From the tests, it was determined that reinforced timber beam elements had relatively ductile flexural strengths up to brittle tension for unreinforced elements. As for the reinforcements of FRP, the highest increase in load-bearing capacity was for carbon mats at 52.47%, with a reinforcement grade of 0.43%, while the lowest was for glass mats at 16.62% with a reinforcement grade of 0.22%. Basalt bars achieved the highest stiffness, followed by glass mats. Taking into account all the reinforcements used, the highest stiffness was demonstrated by the tests of the effectiveness of the reinforcement using 3 mm thick steel plates. For this configuration with a reinforcement percentage of 10%, this increase in load capacity was 79.48% and stiffness was 31.08%. The difference between the experimental and numerical results was within 3.62–27.36%, respectively.

show abstract

“…Numerous studies show a strong correlation between the severity of basic defects in wood on the variability of strength. This is reflected in the results of the study [49,50].…”

Section: Comparison Of Experimental and Numerical Models Depending On...mentioning

confidence: 77%

Fibre-Reinforced Polymers and Steel for the Reinforcement of Wooden Elements—Experimental and Numerical Analysis

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The samples were cut from the sample blocks at least 20 mm from the edges (Figure 2). Compressive shear strength (CSS) was tested according EN 14080 [2], Annex D (Figure 3). The shear area for the bond line was approximately 50 x 50 mm.…”

Section: Shear Tests Of Bond Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several different motivations to reinforce timber elements. The first one, reinforcement of glulam beams during production serves the purpose of increasing the span of that beam by replacing the outer lamellae with lamellae of hardwood or engineered wood products [1,2], steel or aluminium [3, 4 5], natural fibres (hemp, flax, basalt, bamboo etc.) [6] or glass fibre reinforced polymers [7] The second motivation might be to reinforce elements of load-bearing structures after mechanical or biological damage [8] as well as after boring of holes for ventilation and sewage pipes [9].…”

Section: Introduction 1background 456mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural Reinforcment of Timber Elements on-Site With PRF Adhesive and Wood-Based Products

Stenstad,

Mahnert,

Vik

2023

World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the potential application of a two-component phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive for on-site reinforcement of glued laminated timber (GLT) and a recovered spruce beam was investigated. Different spread rates (500 -2000 g/m 2 ), means of pressurization of the bond lines (clamps, screws and the reinforcements own mass) were applied to establish bond lines between the substrate to be reinforced and the reinforcements, GLT and plywood (PLW). The surface conditions (not planed, partly coated/ sanded, varying surface moisture content) were chosen to resemble situations that might be encountered during on-site reinforcement. The bond lines of two of the 11 different combinations fulfilled the required shear strength according to EN 14080. The investigations show that thicker bond lines and low pressure on the bond lines result in lower bond strength. Coating and partial removal of the coating by sanding are expected to have amplified the effect of the chemically weak boundary layer. Bond lines between materials with similar surfaces yield higher shear strength compared to bond lines between materials with differing surfaces.

show abstract

Mechanical Characterization of Glued Laminated Beams Containing Selected Wood Species in the Tension Zone

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of laminated beams containing selected wood species in the tension zone using a four-point bending test. Three beam types were manufactured with respect to the timber used in the tension zone, i.e., beams containing oak or beech timber of I and II quality class and pine timber with no defects (as defects had been removed). The manufactured beams were assessed with respect to bending strength and the modulus of elasticity. The obtained results were compared with the performance of BSH (Industrial beams GL made in Germany—Brettschichtholz) industrial beams. We concluded that beams made from pine timber are an appropriate alternative to spruce beams. The static bending strength of the beams made with hardwood faces was 70% higher than that of beams made with pine wood. All types of beams manufactured in the laboratory met the requirements of at least the GL24c class.

show abstract

GL Beams Reinforced with Plywood in the Outer Layer

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Fibre-Reinforced Polymers and Steel for the Reinforcement of Wooden Elements—Experimental and Numerical Analysis

Fibre-Reinforced Polymers and Steel for the Reinforcement of Wooden Elements—Experimental and Numerical Analysis

Flexural Reinforcment of Timber Elements on-Site With PRF Adhesive and Wood-Based Products

Mechanical Characterization of Glued Laminated Beams Containing Selected Wood Species in the Tension Zone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About