GIsul2, a genomic island carrying the sul2 sulphonamide resistance gene and the small mobile element CR2 found in the Enterobacter cloacae subspecies cloacae type strain ATCC 13047 from 1890, Shigella flexneri ATCC 700930 from 1954 and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978 from 1951

Nigro, Steven J.; Hall, Ruth M.

doi:10.1093/jac/dkr230

Cited by 53 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The chromosomal GIsul2 islands are all integrated into the 3= end of a GMP synthase gene, guaA, while the plasmid-borne copies are located at different sites, such as the intergenic region near the tolA gene in a pHUSEC411-like plasmid, the topoisomerase gene in R485, or the 3= end of a hypothetical gene in R16a. Although the short direct repeats are reminiscent of TDs generated via transposition, the preference for the guaA integration site and the lack of Tpase able to produce TDs may support the idea that GIsul2 is an integrating element (13). Structure of IP40a ARIs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IncA/C plasmids contain ARIs (ARI-A in type 1 and ARI-B in type 1 and type 2) at two specific positions, though ARIs can also be found in the rhs-kfrA region in some family members (2). Relatively little is known about the origin of ARIs, but ARI-Bs presumably evolved by incorporation of GIsul2 (13) into the IncA/C backbone in the early stage of evolution and subsequent internal replacements and rearrangements of the island (2). However, direct evidence supporting this assumption, namely, identification of a family member containing a complete GIsul2, has not been reported so far.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Two Multidrug-Resistant IncA/C Plasmids from the 1960s by Using the MinION Sequencer Device

Szabó

Nagy

Wilk

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Two A/C incompatibility group (IncA/C family) plasmids from the 1960s have been sequenced and classified into the A/C 2 type 1 group. R16a and IP40a contain novel antibiotic resistance islands and a complete GIsul2 genomic island not previously found in the family. In the 173.1-kb R16a, the 29.9-kb antibiotic resistance island (ARI) is located in a unique backbone position not utilized by ARIs. ARI R16a consists of Tn1, Tn6020, and Tn6333, harboring the resistance genes bla TEM-1D and aphA1b and a mer module, respectively; a truncated Tn5393 copy; and a gene cluster with unknown function. Plasmid IP40a is 170.4 kb in size and contains a 5.6-kb ARI inserted into the kfrA gene. ARI IP40a carrying bla TEM-1D and aphA1b genes is composed of Tn1 with a Tn6023 insertion. Additionally, IP40a harbors single IS2, IS186, and Tn1000 insertions scattered in the backbone; an IS150 copy in GIsul2; and a complete Tn6333 carrying a mer module at the position of ARI R16a . Loss of resistance markers in R16a, IP40a, and R55 was observed during stability tests. Every phenotypic change proved to be the result of recombination events involving mobile elements. Intramolecular transposition of IS copies that generated IP40a derivatives lacking large parts of the backbone could account for the formation of other family members, too. The MinION platform proved to be a valuable tool in bacterial genome sequencing since it generates long reads that span repetitive elements and facilitates full-length plasmid or chromosome assembly. Nanopore technology enables rapid characterization of large, low-copy-number plasmids and their rearrangement products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Two Multidrug-Resistant IncA/C Plasmids from the 1960s by Using the MinION Sequencer Device

Szabó

Nagy

Wilk

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…The mercarrying 3'-region of Tn6346 was replaced by an IS26 element, which left a 1.4-kb remnant composed of the :IS5075), tnpA, and 'ΔtnpR in p675920-1. GIsul2 is a large integrative and mobile element carrying int (integrase), the resolvase gene resG, several conjugation transfer genes, the sulphonamide resistance gene sul2 and the ISCR2 element, as found in various bacterial species [24]. The GIsul2 remnant was located between the Tn3-family transposon remnant and ΔTn6346 in p675920-1 and composed of only resG and an unknown function gene orf225.…”

Section: Oncotarget 5 Wwwimpactjournalscom/oncotargetmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Structure genomics of two chimera plasmids p675920-1 and p675920-2 coexisting in a multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate

Feng¹,

Yin²,

Zhan³

et al. 2018

Oncotarget

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This study dealt with detailed genomic characterization of two multidrug resistant (MDR) plasmids p675920-1 and p675920-2 from a single clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 675920. p675920-1 was essentially a hybrid of the IncFII plasmid pHN7A8 and the IncR plasmid pKPC-LK30, and functioned as an IncFII plasmid with inactivation of the IncR replication gene. The backbone of p675920-2 was a hybrid of a novel replicon, three maintenance regions (22.0-, 2.7-, 2.6-kb in length, respectively) as found in pKPYL2, p10164-3 and pK1HV, respectively, and the entire 25.9-kb conjugal transfer region of pKPYL2. p675920-1 and p675920-2 carried a large number of resistance genes, which contributed to resistance to at least seven classes of antibiotics (β-lactams, quinolones, aminoglycosides, fosfomycins, sulphonamides, trimethoprims, and tetracyclines) and one kind of heavy mental (mercury). All of these resistance genes are associated with mobile elements such as insertion sequences, insertion sequence-based transposition units, and transposons, which constituted a total of three novel MDR regions, two in p675920-1 and another in p675920-2. Coexistence of two MDR plasmids p675920-1 and p675920-2 made K. pneumoniae 675920 tend to become extensively drug-resistant.

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“…[18,19] Sulfonamide resistance in gram-negative bacteria is dependent on genes encoding dihydropteroate-synthase sul1 and sul2. [32] In our analysis we found that both ST195 isolates are characterized by the sul2 sulphonamide resistance determinant, while the ST281 strain presented the sul1 gene. These data explain the Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) phenotypical resistance present only in MDR strains (see Table 1).…”

Section: Resistomamentioning

confidence: 57%

The whole genome sequencing of Acinetobacter-calcoaceticus-baumannii complex strains involved in suspected outbreak in an Intensive Care Unit of a pediatric hospital

Ugolotti

Marco

Bandettini

et al. 2016

JHA

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Background: To analyze the genetic characteristics of Acinetobacter-calcoaceticus-baumannii complex strains isolated in suspected outbreak in a Intensive Care Unit of a pediatric hospital in order to promptly stop the dissemination of this dangerous strain. Methods: This study described the use of whole genome obtained by Next Generation Sequencing to define the clonality of 13 Acinetobacter-calcoaceticus-baumannii complex strains and to study their Resistoma. This was required because Acinetobacter baumannii is known to be resistant to desiccation and to disinfectants and is difficult to treat and eradicate. Thus, this microorganism is a major problem that demands a rigorous outbreak monitoring program to prevent and control the spread of the dangerous strain. Results: The first result of our analysis has been to describe precisely the characteristics of isolates involved in the nosocomial infection, reduce the dimension of the more problematic isolates sustaining the outbreak and promptly facilitate the control of the strains diffusion. Indeed, our study indicated that among the 13 Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoacteticus complex strains, identified by biochemical and mass-spectrometry assays, 7 were Acinetobacter baumannii, 5 were Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and one was Acinetobacter haemolyticus. The analysis of clonality of Acinetobacter baumannii indicated that three strains of ST744 were identical for > 99.8% among them and thus have sustained an outbreak in Intensive Care Unit. All personnel and possible environment samples were also monitored and all the procedures aimed to the prevention and control of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI), have been strictly enforced by the Hospital Infection Control Committee. This gave the possibility to trace a strain from an environmental contamination characterized by high degree of clonality with the one isolated from a patient. On the contrary Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strains were different from each other and thus they were not responsible for any outbreak. The Resistoma analysis indicated a correspondence between phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of analyzed strains. Conclusions: Next Generation Sequencing is an appropriate technique to trace the circulation of dangerous strains sustaining nosocomial infections. The combination of the high resolution genotyping together with the definition of the antibiotic genetic determinants and the precise species identification make this technique a useful tool employed as standard practice to control HAI.

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GIsul2, a genomic island carrying the sul2 sulphonamide resistance gene and the small mobile element CR2 found in the Enterobacter cloacae subspecies cloacae type strain ATCC 13047 from 1890, Shigella flexneri ATCC 700930 from 1954 and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978 from 1951

Cited by 53 publications

References 9 publications

Characterization of Two Multidrug-Resistant IncA/C Plasmids from the 1960s by Using the MinION Sequencer Device

Characterization of Two Multidrug-Resistant IncA/C Plasmids from the 1960s by Using the MinION Sequencer Device

WITHDRAWN: Structure genomics of two chimera plasmids p675920-1 and p675920-2 coexisting in a multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate

The whole genome sequencing of Acinetobacter-calcoaceticus-baumannii complex strains involved in suspected outbreak in an Intensive Care Unit of a pediatric hospital

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