Gis-Based Analysis Accessibility to Destinations Based on Public Transport

Abstract

Baghdad city depended on the private auto in transport and this led to great problems with increasing congestion and traffic problems. Existing public transport suffers from poor accessibility to opportunities which is considered the main existing problem. The local agency decided to construct Baghdad Elevated Train as one of the keys to solve this problem and decrease congestion. This study aims to discuss the changes that the installing of the planned train line could make, by using the Geographical Information System (GIS) to model the transportation networks (sidewalks, public transport network, and the planned elevated train) for two scenarios, first for the current public transport network and second for the long-term situation of the adding of the planned train, furthermore, to find the coverage area for each station and determine the population can be served for each station depending on the census of the zones for the year 2020. The modeled network databases were used to create the closest facility between the centroid of the 43 zones and the selected facilities (Commercial, Educational, Governmental, and Hospitals). The results revealed that the additional service of the train reduced the travel time between Al-Sadr City to four destinations selected for the mentioned facilities by the following percentages (62%, 40%, 46%, and 65%) respectively. Moreover, the population coverage stated that stations 8, 9, and 10 are the most populated.

Evaluation of the Selected Sustainable Indicators for Urban Roads Network: Al-Kufa City as a Case Study

“…Constantly increasing traffic and congestion were direct results of our reliance on personal automobiles as a primary mode of transportation. People's insistence on using their automobiles as their primary means of transportation is reflected in the widespread occurrence of traffic jams [7]. The directly observable impact of road congestion is the increase in travel times along congested network links [8].…”

“…The directly observable impact of road congestion is the increase in travel times along congested network links [8]. Inadequate public transportation infrastructure increases the time it takes to get about and the cost of running vehicles that make getting around the city more complicated [7]. Additionally, everyone can use public transit instead of only those who own and are licensed to drive cars.…”

Evaluation of the Level of Service Provided at Some Bus Routes in Baghdad City

“…When traveling from one location to another, individuals in developing countries rely heavily on their automobiles [6][7][8]. Consequently, the planning of a substantial transit system and the optimization of bus schedules are essential to reduce the use of automobiles [9][10][11]. Also, in recent years, there has been a rise in the number of complaints lodged by passengers and users of bus services; which include tardiness, improper conduct by drivers, and inadequate service coverage [1] On the other side, passengers desire an increase in the number of service frequencies to reduce the amount of waiting time [12].…”

Investigating the Key Components of Walking Behaviour in Baghdad City

“…This development has had a detrimental impact on public health, contributing to the surge of chronic diseases. Additionally, it has resulted in longer travel times, delays, and increased travel expenses [3,6,7]. According to the World Health Organization [8], air pollution affects nine out of ten people and is responsible for the deaths of seven million individuals annually.…”

“…As a mode of transportation, walking is widely regarded as the most sustainable option, offering numerous benefits, such as enhancing mobility, cost savings, efficient land use, decreased greenhouse gas emissions, improved community well-being, and better public health. Furthermore, pedestrians and walking play a critical role in urban life, contributing significantly to society's prosperity, the economy, and the environment [5,6,9]. Factors influencing the rise of walking include road user behavior, land use, proximity to public transportation, sidewalk connectivity, safety, and accessibility [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”