GIS and DEM based analysis of incision and drainage reorganization of the Buyuan River basin in the upper Lancang-Mekong of China since the Late Pleistocene

Abstract

River incision and drainage reorganization have an important impact on the site selection of many major projects including city, road and others, and are the key issues of Quaternary environmental changes. Studies of river incision and river-network adjustment have traditionally been based on extensive field evidence, such as sediment age and beheaded river system. The Buyuan River basin is a large sub-basin of the upper Lancang-Mekong, with high mountains and extremely active erosion. The latter affects the preservation of the Quaternary period sediments leading to difficulties in understanding the main evolution characteristics of the basin. This study investigates differences in the equilibrium state of the longitudinal profile, infers incision rates, and evaluates drainage divide migration timelines using the stream-power incision model, the latest morphological dating, and Chi-plots (χ-z) based on digital elevation models (DEMs) on the GIS software platform. The final results show that two significant erosion base-level decreases occurred in the Late Pleistocene at least. The incision rate of the mainstream might have been 0-2.99 mm/yr since 100 ka BP and 0-3.28 mm/yr since 46 ka BP. The Chi-values across the divides suggest that space limited (or constrained) river reorganization and that there is no severe reorganization in the basin; the imbalance of traceable erosion only exists in local areas. The main driving force for the geomorphologic evolution of the Buyuan River basin is likely climate fluctuations rather than strong tectonic uplift since the Late Pleistocene.

Rivers Try Harder. Reversed “Differential Erosion” as Geological Control of Flood in the Large Fluvial Systems in Poland

“…The pattern of geological setting, which we reveal in Figures 2-7 and idealized on the scheme in Figure 8, can be adopted as an environmental framework by hydrotechnical engineers who aim to develop instream river training [73,74]. Such a design practice faces a problem of too high stream power [39,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85] in the channel which leads to erosion. There are few concepts of energy dissipation of the stream.…”

Research on the application potential of solar energy in rural areas from the perspective of common prosperity

“…By utilizing intuitive color change maps, the potential for solar energy application in regional low-carbon town planning can be objectively assessed. Furthermore, the utilization of DEM data and GIS data in photovoltaic applications has been relatively limited [19][20]. Therefore, the research findings appropriately expand and supplement the relevant technologies in photovoltaic applications.…”

“…Simulation planning using particle swarm optimization algorithm has been shown to enhance the economic efficiency of photovoltaic systems [17], and using data fitting methods have been employed to develop planning models for photovoltaic energy systems based on green certification prices [18]. Although Grid DEM data can be used as a data source for GIS spatial data and Spatial analysis such as water area analysis [19] and land use spatial pattern [20], its use in photovoltaic is relatively limited. The NASA meteorological website of the United States Space Administration allows users to query simulated solar radiation values worldwide by inputting latitude and longitude.…”

Clustering stream profiles to understand the geomorphological features and evolution of the Yangtze River by using DEMs

“…From a geomorphological perspective, the production of large-scale geographical data makes it possible to analyze the macroscopic geomorphological features of the Yangtze River (Baker et al, 2015;Deng et al, 2015;Frankl et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2018;Gu et al, 2020). With the development of earth observation technology and geographical information science, remote sensing images and digital elevation model (DEM) data have been widely used to express geomorphological features and further reveal the geomorphological evolution of the Yangtze River.…”