Ginsenoside Rg1 and Re alleviates inflammatory responses and oxidative stress of broiler chicks challenged by lipopolysaccharide

The developmental pattern related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the yolk sac membrane and jejunum during embryogenesis in Muscovy duck

“…As reported previously, several functional FAs (n-6 PUFAs, n-3 PUFAs) declined significantly during the mid-later incubation period, mainly through yolk translocation to the liver or muscle ( Cherian et al, 1997 ; Whelan and Fritsche, 2013 ). The jejunum was critical for the proper development of the avian embryo by facilitated the absorption of nutrients and supported the growth and maturation of the digestive system ( Hu et al, 2024 ). The jejunum structural changes showed that the villus height, crypt depth, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and musculature thickness increased ( P < 0.05) linearly or quadratically during embryogenesis ( Figure 2 ).…”

Molecular and metabolic responses to immune stress in the jejunum of broiler chickens: transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis

“…The regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis involves 3 main components: lipid peroxide ( LPO ) production, LPO removal and repair of damaged plasma membranes ( Yang et al, 2022a ). Our previous study showed that under immune stress, serum levels of T-AOC, CAT, SOD, GSH, and GSH-px decreased and levels of XOD, MDA, and carbonyl were upregulated in broilers, which underwent severe oxidative damage ( Bi et al, 2022a ; Hu et al, 2023a ). In the present study, 6 DAMs (L-glutamate, glutathione, L-cysteine, oxidized glutathione, arachidonic acid, and epinephrine) and one DEG (TFRC) were involved in the iron death action pathway.…”

Effects of Aspirin Eugenol Ester on Liver Oxidative Damage and Energy Metabolism in Immune-Stressed Broilers

“…Although many studies have reported the effects of immune stress on oxidative damage and energy metabolism [ 6 , 7 , 23 , 24 ], how to effectively alleviate this immune stress-related oxidative damage and energy imbalance in broilers remains to be investigated. AEE exhibits multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic control, and has been verified as safe for poultry farming [ 9 , 11 , 12 ].…”

“…However, while intensive farming results in large-scale economies, it is subject to some serious problems, such as high feeding density, the need for frequent vaccination, improper management, a stressful environment, and a rapid increase in pathogenic infections, all of which lead to immune stress in livestock and poultry, through the loss of homeostasis [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Immune stress not only reduces the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of broilers, but also generates ROS through the production of excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in oxidative damage [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. In addition, immune stress can cause an imbalance in energy production, by changing the metabolism of amino acids and glycerol phospholipids in the livers of broilers [ 8 ].…”