Ginsenoside Rg1, a major active component isolated from Panax notoginseng, restrains tubular epithelial to myofibroblast transition in vitro

Xie, Xi-Sheng; Yang, Man; Liu, Hengchuan; Zuo, Chuantao; Li, Huijuan; Fan, Junming

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.11.020

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Importantly, 20(S)-Rg3, at low doses, exerted similarly effective inhibitory activity in vivo against tumor intraperitoneal spread via reducing HIF-1α protein level and reversing EMT process. Of note, Zhang and colleagues have recently shown that ginsenoside 25-OCH 3 -PPD, isolated from Panax notoginseng and belonging to protopanaxadiols group as 20(S)-Rg3, is capable of reducing EMT markers in normoxically cultured breast cancer cells [43].Xie et al demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg1, a major active component also isolated from Panax notoginseng but belonging to protopanaxatriol group, blocked TGFβ1-induced EMT in rat renal tubular epithelial cells [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 Targets HIF-1α to Block Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Cancer Cells

et al. 2014

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The prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer has remained poor mainly because of aggressive cancer progression. Since epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important mechanism mediating invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, targeting the EMT process with more efficacious and less toxic compounds to inhibit metastasis is of great therapeutic value for the treatment of ovarian cancer. We have found for the first time that the ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3, a pharmacologically active component of the traditional Chinese herb Panax ginseng, potently blocks hypoxia-induced EMT of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies confirm the mode of action of 20(S)-Rg3, which reduces the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) by activating the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to promote HIF-1α degradation. A decrease in HIF-1α in turn leads to up-regulation, via transcriptional suppression of Snail, of the epithelial cell-specific marker E-cadherin and down-regulation of the mesenchymal cell-specific marker vimentin under hypoxic conditions. Importantly, 20(S)-Rg3 effectively inhibits EMT in nude mouse xenograft models of ovarian cancer, promising a novel therapeutic agent for anticancer therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 Targets HIF-1α to Block Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Cancer Cells

et al. 2014

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“…In studies of many parent compounds of ginseng, attention also has been given to their potential structure-activity relationship [6–8]. Reductionist methodology in ginseng research during in vitro screening has been applied primarily to the bioactivity of parent compounds [9, 10]. However, the bioavailability of ginseng compounds, an important consideration for their effects in vivo , has been overlooked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of American ginseng saponins and their metabolites in human plasma, urine and feces samples by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Wan

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

Journal of Chromatography B

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American ginseng is a commonly consumed herbal medicine in the United States and other countries. Ginseng saponins are considered to be its active constituents. We have previously demonstrated in an in vitro experiment that human enteric microbiota metabolize ginseng parent compounds into their metabolites. In this study, we analyzed American ginseng saponins and their metabolites in human plasma, urine and feces samples by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). Six healthy male volunteers ingested 1 g of American ginseng twice a day for 7 days. On day 7, biological samples were obtained and pretreated with solid phase extraction. The ginseng constituents and their metabolites were characterized, including 5 ginseng metabolites in plasma, 10 in urine, and 16 in feces. For the plasma, urine and feces samples, the levels of ginsenoside Rb1 (a major parent compound) were 8.6, 56.8 and 57.7 ng/mL, respectively, and the levels of compound K (a major metabolite) were 58.4 ng/mL, 109.8 ng/mL and 10.06 μg/mL, respectively. It suggested that compound K had a remarkably high level in all three samples. Moreover, in human feces, ginsenoside Rk1 and Rg5, Rk3 and Rh4, Rg6 and F4 were detected as the products of dehydration. Further studies are needed to evaluate the pharmacological activities of the identified ginseng metabolites.

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“…To date more than 30 types of ginsenosides have been isolated and identified [51]. In particular, ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 are considered to be the most effective compounds in ginseng extracts [48], [52]. Various studies provide compelling evidence that ginseng extracts possess mitochondria protective capacity by inhibiting mitochondrial swelling and preserving mitochondrial membrane integrity in rodents [36], [53], [54].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of a Q-ter® Based Nutritional Mixture on Functional Performance, Mitochondrial Function, and Oxidative Stress in Rats

Seo

Vorobyeva

et al. 2010

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundMitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are central mechanisms underlying the aging process and the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Selected antioxidants and specific combinations of nutritional compounds could target many biochemical pathways that affect both oxidative stress and mitochondrial function and, thereby, preserve or enhance physical performance.Methodology/Principal FindingsIn this study, we evaluated the potential anti-aging benefits of a Q-ter® based nutritional mixture (commercially known as Eufortyn®) mainly containing the following compounds: terclatrated coenzyme Q10 (Q-ter®), creatine and a standardized ginseng extract. We found that Eufortyn® supplementation significantly ameliorated the age-associated decreases in grip strength and gastrocnemius subsarcolemmal mitochondria Ca2+ retention capacity when initiated in male Fischer344 x Brown Norway rats at 21 months, but not 29 months, of age. Moreover, the increases in muscle RNA oxidation and subsarcolemmal mitochondrial protein carbonyl levels, as well as the decline of total urine antioxidant power, which develop late in life, were mitigated by Eufortyn® supplementation in rats at 29 months of age.Conclusions/SignificanceThese data imply that Eufortyn® is efficacious in reducing oxidative damage, improving the age-related mitochondrial functional decline, and preserving physical performance when initiated in animals at early midlife (21 months). The efficacy varied, however, according to the age at which the supplementation was provided, as initiation in late middle age (29 months) was incapable of restoring grip strength and mitochondrial function. Therefore, the Eufortyn® supplementation may be particularly beneficial when initiated prior to major biological and functional declines that appear to occur with advancing age.

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Ginsenoside Rg1, a major active component isolated from Panax notoginseng, restrains tubular epithelial to myofibroblast transition in vitro

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 Targets HIF-1α to Block Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Cancer Cells

Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 Targets HIF-1α to Block Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Cancer Cells

Determination of American ginseng saponins and their metabolites in human plasma, urine and feces samples by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Beneficial Effects of a Q-ter® Based Nutritional Mixture on Functional Performance, Mitochondrial Function, and Oxidative Stress in Rats

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