Ginkgolide B lowers body weight and ameliorates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice correlated with pregnane X receptor activation

Luo, Lingling; Li, Yin; Wang, Dongshan; Zhao, Yuanyuan; Wang, Yahui; Li, Fēi; Fang, Jinan; Chen, Hui; Fan, Shengjie; Huang, Cheng

doi:10.1039/c7ra05621d

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…F I G U R E 5 Forest plot of Ginkgo biloba effect on tumor necrosis factor-α level, (pg/ml), WMD; weighted mean difference On the other hand, the insulin signaling cascade was significantly stimulated by the over-expression of lipid receptor R1 (Adipo R1), insulin receptor, IL-10, and protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation (Hirata et al, 2015). Furthermore, ginkgolide B decreased levels of serum TG and body weight, and improved hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obesity in mouse liver via overexpression of pregnane X receptor (PXR) genes (Luo et al, 2017). One animal study on streptozotocin-induced diabetes assessed the effects of three doses of GBE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) on renal fibrosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the clinical trials

Mousavi

Hosseinikia

Rad

et al. 2022

Phytotherapy Research

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The beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba on cardio‐metabolic markers have been reported. However, its effect on inflammation is not assessed in any meta‐analysis. We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBLE) on serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels. A systematic search was performed on four databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, up to October 2021. After screening, 17 trials met our inclusion criteria. Trials were of 1–24 weeks of duration and included 1,104 participants. In the meta‐analysis, the weighted mean differences (WMD) in change for serum CRP were −1.5 mg/L (95% CI: −2.16, −0.85, p < 0.001). Moreover, WMD for serum IL‐6 and TNF‐α were in favor of the GBLE compared to the placebo [(−16.86 pg/mL, 95% CI: −19.38, −14.34, p < 0.001); and (−4.19 pg/mL, 95%CI: −5.14, −3.23, p < 0.001), respectively]. Subgroup analysis showed that GBLE has a beneficial effect on serum CRP at the baseline levels≥3 mg/L and doses<500 mg/day. This meta‐analysis showed that the GBLE could reduce serum inflammatory markers. Therefore, this medicinal herb might be a possible strategy for inflammation control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the clinical trials

Mousavi

Hosseinikia

Rad

et al. 2022

Phytotherapy Research

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“…During the research, a positive, antiatherogenic, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effect of ginkgo on the metabolism of mammalian organisms was observed. The effects of both leaf extracts [ 130 , 139 , 162 , 163 , 164 ] and seeds [ 165 ], vinegar obtained from fermenting seeds [ 166 ], leaves [ 148 , 167 ], well as ginkgolide B [ 123 , 168 ] and ginkgolide C [ 169 ] were investigated. During the research, positive changes in body weight (decrease) were observed [ 163 , 164 , 170 ], and a reduction in adipose tissue mass [ 167 , 168 , 169 ] was caused by the reduction of fat cells (adipocytes) [ 169 , 170 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of both leaf extracts [ 130 , 139 , 162 , 163 , 164 ] and seeds [ 165 ], vinegar obtained from fermenting seeds [ 166 ], leaves [ 148 , 167 ], well as ginkgolide B [ 123 , 168 ] and ginkgolide C [ 169 ] were investigated. During the research, positive changes in body weight (decrease) were observed [ 163 , 164 , 170 ], and a reduction in adipose tissue mass [ 167 , 168 , 169 ] was caused by the reduction of fat cells (adipocytes) [ 169 , 170 ]. Blood tests showed positive changes in the fat profile [ 145 , 164 ], including lowering cholesterol and triglycerides [ 167 , 168 ], and the regulation of lipid metabolism, glucose and insulin [ 166 , 167 ] had a positive effect on the condition and functioning of the kidneys [ 130 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Ginkgo biloba as a Source of Biologically Active Compounds—A Review of the Recent Literature and Patents

2023

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Ginkgo biloba is a relict tree species showing high resistance to adverse biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Its fruits and leaves have high medicinal value due to the presence of flavonoids, terpene trilactones and phenolic compounds. However, ginkgo seeds contain toxic and allergenic alkylphenols. The publication revises the latest research results (mainly from 2018–2022) regarding the chemical composition of extracts obtained from this plant and provides information on the use of extracts or their selected ingredients in medicine and food production. A very important section of the publication is the part in which the results of the review of patents concerning the use of Ginkgo biloba and its selected ingredients in food production are presented. Despite the constantly growing number of studies on its toxicity and interactions with synthetic drugs, its health-promoting properties are the reason for the interest of scientists and motivation to create new food products.

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“…e impacts of ginkgolide B on hepatic steatosis and body weight were studied in a high-fat diet-induced model of obesity in C57BL/6 male mice, which revealed that treatment with ginkgolide B (0.1% per day) induced human pregnane X receptor (hPXR) mRNA expression in the liver in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting the expression of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR), liver X receptor (LXR), farnesyl X receptor (FXR), or LXR trans-activities. Ginkgolide B also reduced plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and body weights while resolving hepatic steatosis [80]. Treatment with 3-100 M ginkgolide C substantially decreased lipid aggregation in an in vitro study of HepG2 liver cells and increased TG degradation by increasing the phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and the production of adipose TG lipase.…”

Section: Antiobesity Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginkgo biloba: A Treasure of Functional Phytochemicals with Multimedicinal Applications

Noor-E-Tabassum

Das

Lami

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Ginkgo biloba is an ancient plant species that is thought to provide a variety of health benefits to living organisms and contains plenty of bioactive components, making it a chemically diversified plant. G. biloba has been shown to have a variety of medicinal and pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antidementia, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antilipidemic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antilipid peroxidation, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidepressant, antiaging, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, and neuroprotective effects and is frequently used to treat neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases, such as tardive dyskinesia. Therefore, this review described the therapeutic applications of G. biloba. In addition to describing the therapeutic potential, this review also evaluates the chemical constituents, toxicity, adverse effect, synergistic effect, and the clinical studies of this plant which have been utilized for therapeutic benefits but have demonstrated other consequences. The capacity of G. biloba components to act as free radical scavengers is critical, and combining its extract with other plant extracts has been shown to synergistically boost antioxidant properties. G. biloba used long-term or at high doses that resulted in some adverse effects. Severe drug interactions have also been reported in both animals and humans when combined with other medications. The available data established from both preclinical and clinical studies confirm the potential of G. biloba plant extract in various diseases. Besides, the safety and efficacy of G. biloba continue to require verification through additional experimentation to guide medicinal use.

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Ginkgolide B lowers body weight and ameliorates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice correlated with pregnane X receptor activation

Abstract: Ginkgolide B (GB) is a natural occurring terpene lactone and a selective agonistic ligand of hPXR.

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the clinical trials

Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the clinical trials

The Potential of Ginkgo biloba as a Source of Biologically Active Compounds—A Review of the Recent Literature and Patents

Ginkgo biloba: A Treasure of Functional Phytochemicals with Multimedicinal Applications

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