Ginkgo biloba L. extract enhances the effectiveness of syngeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in lowering blood glucose levels and reversing oxidative stress

Abstract

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are potential therapy for diabetes. Owing to the oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia, these transplanted BMSCs are with high rate of apoptotic death after transplantation. Ginkgo biloba L. extract (EGB) is a potent antioxidant which can remove free radicals. The study was to investigate whether EGB can protect BMSCs from oxidative stress in vitro and enhance the efficacy of BMSCs in lowering blood glucose levels after transplantation. BMSCs were cultured with H2O2, EGB, or H2O2 and EGB. Cell viability, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and cell death rates were determined. Diabetes was induced by single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in male Wistar rats. Diabetic rats received EGB, BMSCs, or EGB/BMSCs. The serum levels of glucose, insulin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px were determined. PKCα expression and NF-κB activation in kidney were determined. The MDA levels and cell death rates in BMSCs cultured with H2O2 and EGB were significantly lower; cell viability, SOD, and GSH-Px activities were significantly higher compared with those with H2O2 alone. Compared with diabetic rats receiving BMSCs, diabetic rats receiving EGB before BMSCs transplantation showed (1) significantly lower levels of blood glucose, serum MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α, and higher levels of insulin, SOD, and GSH-Px activities; (2) significantly lower PKCα expression and NF-κB activation in the kidney. EGB administration before BMSC transplantation can enhance the effectiveness of BMSCs in lowering blood glucose levels and reversing oxidative stress in diabetic rats.

Efficacy and Safety of Ginkgo Biloba Pills for Coronary Heart Disease with Impaired Glucose Regulation: Study Protocol for a Series of N‐of‐1 Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trials

“…More studies [ 9 ] confirmed the hypoglycemic effect of EGb. Daye Cheng et al [ 10 ] administered streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with high, medium, and low doses of EGb.…”

Application of Ginkgo Biloba L. Extract at Early Stage of Tumor Development Helps Cyclophosphamide Inhibit the Growth of Tumor Cells

“…Tumor growth is closely associated with ROS production which is also a underlying mechanism of tumor growth, we measured the level of MDA and activities of SOD in the serum. The measurement of serum MDA and SOD was described in detail in Ren et al [13] in each mouse in the four treatment groups and in the untreated control mice.…”

“…To reveal the mechanisms underlying GBE and CTX inhibiting the growth of EMT-6 cells, we determined the expression of key elements in the NF-κB signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway and apoptosis. Western blot analysis was conducted as in the protocols described in Ren et al [13].…”

Reference gene expression in human osteosarcoma cell lines treated by EGB and CTX

“…Ginkgo biloba L. extract (EGB) is a traditional herbal medicine that can remove free radicals. EGB is well known for its antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities (Ren et al, 2013). Previous studies showed that EGB may have antitumor effects that are related to its antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and gene-regulatory actions (Dias et al, 2013;Park et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2013).…”