Gini coefficient to assess equity in domestic water supply in the Yellow River

Wang, Xiao Jun; Zhang, Jian Yun; Shahid, Shamsuddin; Elmahdi, Amgad; He, Rui; Wang, Xin Gong; Ali, Mahtab

doi:10.1007/s11027-011-9309-7

Cited by 69 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Water faces numerous critical management issues in order to ensure that people have equitable access: growing scarcity, lack of infrastructure, limits on monetary resources, among other reasons, are elements that prevent more people from benefiting from a fair water supply, a reduction in poverty and a promotion of growth, guaranteeing a continuous water supply [16]. A series of research projects has centered on these topics in recent years [16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A series of research projects has centered on these topics in recent years [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The research notes that the management of water resources has critical implications in the daily lives of people and above all in economic development and social well-being [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In what relates to the domestic use of water, Wang et al [16] developed a Gini coefficient to measure inequality in the use of China's Yellow River water resources among urban and rural populations. Berthe [25] did a study on the distribution of water at the micro-level focused on two regions in Brazil, the study was based on raw data collected from a survey and used the Lorenz curve and the Gini index to measure inequality in access to water and sanitation services among households.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inequality in Access to Drinking Water and Subsidies between Low and High Income Households in Mexico City

Morales-Novelo

Rodríguez-Tapia

Revollo-Fernández

2018

Water

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Economic and population growth in Mexico City (CDMX) is the main cause of an increase in water demand against a naturally limited endowment, which increases the gap between water demand and supply. In a water scarcity environment, households are facing pressure to maintain their involvement in the city's only operating body, the Water System of Mexico City (SACMEX) total supply. The objective of this work is to measure the inequality in the distribution of drinking water and water subsidies between households connected to the public network of CDMX in order to generate objective indicators of the phenomenon. Having such information provides a baseline scenario of the problem and allows for the delineation of a policy covering the minimum levels of well-being in the supply of drinking water that is appropriate for the most important city in the country. The method consists of measuring inequality through continuous variables estimating the Lorenz curve, the Gini coefficient, the targeting coefficient and elasticity in water consumption and in water subsidies among households in CDMX. Data comes from a household survey carried out in 2011, Consumption Habits, Service and Quality of Water by Household in Mexico City (EHCSCA). Results show that drinking water and subsidies present a regressive distribution, benefit high-income households and, to a lesser degree, the poorest households in the city and highlight the urgency and importance for SACMEX to redefine its policy on water distribution, fees and subsidies. The present study's scope can contribute to the monitoring of the distribution of drinking water and of subsidies among household groups. The study justifies that the indicators employed in this work can be used and are recommended as a valuable tool in water management, especially in a dynamic environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inequality in Access to Drinking Water and Subsidies between Low and High Income Households in Mexico City

Morales-Novelo

Rodríguez-Tapia

Revollo-Fernández

2018

Water

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“…The coefficient can be one of the effective indices employed to explore equity in water allocation strategies [28]. The Gini coefficient here was calculated based on research on the fairness of water allocation in South Africa [48], future changes on water discharge in the coming 30 years (e.g., Masaki et al [49]), and the inequality in water supply and demand from 1999 to 2006 in the Yellow River basin (e.g., Wang et al [50]). Wang et al [50] used the Gini coefficient in assessing equity in domestic water supply.…”

Section: Gini Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Gini coefficient here was calculated based on research on the fairness of water allocation in South Africa [48], future changes on water discharge in the coming 30 years (e.g., Masaki et al [49]), and the inequality in water supply and demand from 1999 to 2006 in the Yellow River basin (e.g., Wang et al [50]). Wang et al [50] used the Gini coefficient in assessing equity in domestic water supply. Masaki et al [49] used the Gini and Lorenz-asymmetry coefficients to evaluate the characteristics and applicability in river flow regimes under future climate change.…”

Section: Gini Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Evaluation System for Sustaining Reservoir Functions—A Case Study of Shiwen Reservoir in Taiwan

Chen

Tsai

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:Reservoirs serve as important facilities, providing a stable source of public water in Taiwan. As construction of new reservoirs becomes more difficult, it is essential to ensure sustainable functionality of reservoirs in the future. To this end, this study proposes a system for reservoir sustainability evaluation. The evaluation system consists of social justice, environmental protection, and economic development containing 12 indicators which are grouped into six categories: flood control, sediment management, water resources allocation, river ecology, water quality, and benefit and fairness. Moreover, evaluation system operational procedures to supplement planning and decision-making processes are proposed, and applied in a case study of the Shiwen reservoir planning in Taiwan. The planned reservoir in this case study is rated as "Good", nearly "Excellent", in sustainability as evaluated with the Sustainability Confidence Index (SCI). Additionally, Analytic Network Process (ANP) results indicate that the flood control capacity and sediment management are the first and second most important indicators for the reservoir. If desilting operations had been conducted, the SCI values would have increased from 3.3 to 3.7, warranting an "Excellent" rating for the reservoir. The case study demonstrates that decision-makers can apply the proposed system when managing reservoir evaluations.

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Applications of the Gini Index Beyond Economics and Statistics

Haye¹,

Zizler²

2021

Handbook of the Mathematics of the Arts and Sciences

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Gini coefficient to assess equity in domestic water supply in the Yellow River

Abstract: Water demand management, Domestic water use, Gini coefficient, Equity, Yellow River,

Cited by 69 publications

References 23 publications

Inequality in Access to Drinking Water and Subsidies between Low and High Income Households in Mexico City

Inequality in Access to Drinking Water and Subsidies between Low and High Income Households in Mexico City

Development of an Evaluation System for Sustaining Reservoir Functions—A Case Study of Shiwen Reservoir in Taiwan

Applications of the Gini Index Beyond Economics and Statistics

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