Gingival vascular functions are altered in type 2 diabetes mellitus model and/or periodontitis model

Sugiyama, Shuta; Takahashi, Shunsuke; Tokutomi, Fumiaki; Yoshida, Ayaka; Kobayashi, Kyo; Yoshino, Fumihiko; Wada-Takahashi, Satoko; Toyama, Toshizo; Watanabe, Koichi; Hamada, Naoki; Todoki, Kazuo; Lee, Masaichi-Chang-il

doi:10.3164/jcbn.11-103

Cited by 49 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Whether the vasodilatory function of gingival microvessels can be used as a substitute measurement for the small vessel function in the same manner as in the skin model (17) needs further investigation, but our implemented heat provocation test could be a way to test this in human subjects. Our results are in concord with the findings of an animal experiment (53) where both the periodontal inflammation and diabetes per se influenced gingival vascular reactivity; therefore, we need to carefully distinguish between the effects of local inflammation and the systemic conditions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy, were found to be associated with the presence of a more severe inflammatory pathology of periodontal tissues (49). A recent study (53) found decreased post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia in the gingiva of a diabetic rat compared to a healthy one and this response was further reduced by experimentally induced periodontitis. However, there is no direct evidence for the impairment of vascular reactivity in the human gingiva in periodontitis and/or DM.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Molnár

Lohinai

Demeter

et al. 2015

Acta Physiologica Hungarica

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Periodontal inflammation is associated with morphological changes in the blood vessels which may influence the regulation of gingival blood flow (GBF). Our aim was to adapt the heat provocation test to the human gingiva to assess vascular reactivity in periodontal inflammation. Method: GBF was recorded by Laser Doppler Flowmetry before and after heat provocation in healthy volunteers (n = 50). Heat was generated either by warm saline or a halogen lamp. The latter method was also utilized for a heat test in non-smoking and smoking patients with periodontal inflammation. The circulatory parameters were correlated to the inflammatory marker, i.e. gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) production measured by Periotron. Results: Local application of heat caused a rapid, significant and transient increase in GBF regardless of the method used. The increase in the speed and not in the concentration of moving blood cells was responsible for increased GBF. Higher GCF values were correlated with increased peak flow, flux pulse amplitude and faster restoration of GBF after the test in non-smokers, but not in smokers. Conclusions: The heat test could be a valuable tool to check the vascular reactivity of gingival vessels. Moderate periodontal inflammation may facilitate gingival vascular responsiveness which can be suppressed by smoking.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Molnár

Lohinai

Demeter

et al. 2015

Acta Physiologica Hungarica

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“…The pharmacokinetics of a nitroxyl compound (C-PROXYL) using in vivo L-band ESR was first reported by Berliner and Wan [45]. We also demonstrated that the decay rate constant of C-PROXYL was increased in association with oxidative stress by generating ROS [22], [23], [34]. Therefore, it was suggested that the treatment with acetic acid increased the generation of ROS in a local oral mucositis site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Alteration of the Redox State with Reactive Oxygen Species for 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Oral Mucositis in Hamsters

et al. 2013

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Oral mucositis is often induced in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy treatment. It has been reported that oral mucositis can reduce quality of life, as well as increasing the incidence of mortality. The participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of oral mucositis is well known, but no report has actually demonstrated the presence of ROS. Thus, the purpose of this study was thus to demonstrate the involvement of ROS and the alteration of the redox state in oral mucositis using an in vivo L-band electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. An oral mucositis animal model induced by treatment of 5-fluorouracil with 10% acetic acid in hamster cheek pouch was used. Lipid peroxidation was measured as the level of malondialdehyde determined by the thiobarbituric acid reaction. The rate constants of the signal decay of nitroxyl compounds using in vivo L-band ESR were calculated from the signal decay curves. Firstly, we established the oral mucositis animal model induced by treatment of 5-fluorouracil with acetic acid in hamster cheek pouch. An increased level of lipid peroxidation in oral mucositis was found by measuring malondialdehyde using isolated hamster cheek pouch ulcer. In addition, as a result of in vivo L-band ESR measurements using our model animals, the decay rate constants of carbamoyl-PROXYL, which is a reagent for detecting the redox balance in tissue, were decreased. These results suggest that a redox imbalance might occur by excessive generation of ROS at an early stage of oral mucositis and the consumption of large quantities of antioxidants including glutathione in the locality of oral mucositis. These findings support the presence of ROS involved in the pathogenesis of oral mucositis with anti-cancer therapy, and is useful for the development of novel therapies drugs for oral mucositis.

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“…Apart from being implicated in periodontitis [2-4], concepts of oxidative stress are being applied to explain the relationship between periodontitis and various systemic conditions such as metabolic syndrome [5], mitochondrial dysfunction [6], diabetes mellitus [7], and rheumatoid arthritis [8]. Interestingly, all of the associated systemic conditions have therapies focusing on the use of antioxidants to modulate or eliminate the disease [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locally delivered antioxidant gel as an adjunct to nonsurgical therapy improves measures of oxidative stress and periodontal disease

Chandra

Srinivas

Reddy

et al. 2013

J Periodontal Implant Sci

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PurposeThe present study has two aims; firstly, it attempts to verify the presence of oxidative stress by estimating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in periodontal pockets ≥5 mm as compared to controls. The second aim is to evaluate the effect of lycopene as a locally delivered antioxidant gel on periodontal health and on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative injury.MethodsThirty-one subjects participated in this study. In the pretreatment phase, the ROS levels in pockets ≥5 mm were measured by flow cytometry. Three sites in each subject were randomly assigned into each of the following experimental groups: sham group, only scaling and root planing (SRP) was done; placebo group, local delivery of placebo gel after SRP; and lycopene group, local delivery of lycopene gel after SRP. Clinical parameters included recording site-specific measures of GCF 8-OHdG, plaque, gingivitis, probing depth, and clinical attachment level.ResultsThe gel, when delivered to the sites with oxidative stress, was effective in increasing clinical attachment and in reducing gingival inflammation, probing depth, and 8-OHdG levels as compared to the placebo and sham sites.ConclusionsFrom this trial conducted over a period of 6 months, it was found that locally delivered lycopene seems to be effective in reducing the measures of oxidative stress and periodontal disease.

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Gingival vascular functions are altered in type 2 diabetes mellitus model and/or periodontitis model

Cited by 49 publications

References 29 publications

Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Alteration of the Redox State with Reactive Oxygen Species for 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Oral Mucositis in Hamsters

Locally delivered antioxidant gel as an adjunct to nonsurgical therapy improves measures of oxidative stress and periodontal disease

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