Gingival tissue healing following Er:YAG laser ablation compared to electrosurgery in rats

Sawabe, Masanori; Aoki, Akira; Komaki, Motohiro; Iwasaki, Kengo; Ogita, Mayumi; Izumi, Yuichi

doi:10.1007/s10103-013-1478-z

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, this observation should not diminish the fact that both the Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers are useful for soft‐tissue surgery. Animal studies have shown that both Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers produce minimal thermal damage during soft‐tissue cutting procedures . Indeed, it has been reported that both soft‐tissue healing and bone healing following surgical flap reflection and debridement with the Er:YAG laser in dogs was clinically and histologically comparable with that of scalpel surgery .…”

Section: The Ercr:ysgg Laser and Treatment Of Periodontitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasers and the treatment of periodontitis: the essence and the noise

Cobb¹

2017

Periodontology 2000

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The dental literature contains 25 years of accumulated reports and clinical studies addressing the utility of lasers in the treatment of periodontitis, both as a monotherapy or as an adjunct to surgical and nonsurgical therapy. Yet, the evidence from the 118 human clinical studies cited in this narrative review remains conflicted and insufficient to suggest that integration of a laser in a periodontal treatment protocol will provide antimicrobial and healing outcomes superior to those achieved by traditional therapy. When viewed as a collective body of evidence, it becomes apparent that a majority of the studies are underpowered and exhibit significant heterogeneity in design. Furthermore, the collected studies report a varied choice of parameters, even within the same wavelength of laser. There is little uniformity between studies in the reporting of measured clinical parameters. Most studies reported 3- and/or 6-month post-treatment results; however, the range of time intervals includes studies reporting results from 1 week to up to 1-12 months or longer. Lastly, many studies were considered at risk for bias as a result of a lack of examiner masking and/or calibration. There is great need for well-designed, highly controlled multicenter clinical trials that are adequately powered in terms of subject enrollment, that use similar protocols in terms of laser parameters and that report measureable outcomes in a uniform manner. Without such studies, the questions surrounding the use of lasers in the treatment of periodontal disease will persist.

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Section: The Ercr:ysgg Laser and Treatment Of Periodontitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasers and the treatment of periodontitis: the essence and the noise

Cobb¹

2017

Periodontology 2000

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“…Er:YAG lasers have high water absorbency compared to CO 2 and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers [5]. Due to this characteristic, Er:YAG lasers are well absorbed in biological tissues containing water, and used for various treatments, such as cementum transpiration of the root surface, tartar, bone tissue, and gingival soft tissue [6,7,8,9,10,11]. Unlike Er:YAG lasers, which are absorbed on the tissue surface, diode lasers are transmitted to internal tissue and used for incision, hemostatic coagulation, and pain relief for intraoral soft tissue [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Er:YAG and Diode Laser Irradiation on Dental Pulp Cells and Tissues

Yamakawa

Niwa

Karakida

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is to preserve the nerve and maintain healthy dental pulp tissue. Laser irradiation (LI) is beneficial for VPT. Understanding how LI affects dental pulp cells and tissues is necessary to elucidate the mechanism of reparative dentin and dentin regeneration. Here, we show how Er:YAG-LI and diode-LI modulated cell proliferation, apoptosis, gene expression, protease activation, and mineralization induction in dental pulp cells and tissues using cell culture, immunohistochemical, genetic, and protein analysis techniques. Both LIs promoted proliferation in porcine dental pulp-derived cell lines (PPU-7), although the cell growth rate between the LIs was different. In addition to proliferation, both LIs also caused apoptosis; however, the apoptotic index for Er:YAG-LI was higher than that for diode-LI. The mRNA level of odontoblastic gene markers—two dentin sialophosphoprotein splicing variants and matrix metalloprotease (MMP)20 were enhanced by diode-LI, whereas MMP2 was increased by Er:YAG-LI. Both LIs enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that they may help induce PPU-7 differentiation into odontoblast-like cells. In terms of mineralization induction, the LIs were not significantly different, although their cell reactivity was likely different. Both LIs activated four MMPs in porcine dental pulp tissues. We helped elucidate how reparative dentin is formed during laser treatments.

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“…This trichrome stain is used to characterize morphology and to distinguish various cells and tissues. This stain is primarily used to stain collagen, which appears blue; in contrast, nuclei are stained red (Sawabe et al, ). At the 2‐week time point, there were minimal differences in the amount of connective tissue between treatment groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polarized light enhances the samples' birefringence, allowing for differentiation of the density and quantity of fibers, which is noted by color differentiation. Thick and densely packed collagen Type I is represented by vibrant yellow to red hues, whereas collagen Type III and loosely consolidated fibrils appear green (Sawabe et al, ). Regarding the 2‐week time point samples, there were minimal observed differences between treatment groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following stains were used to evaluate wound healing, according to the manufacturer's guidelines for qualitative connective tissue characterization: Mallory–Heidenhain Azan (Electron Microscopy Sciences, Hartfield, PA) and Picrosirius Red Stain + imaged under plane polarized light (Polysciences, Inc., Warrington, PA; Foster, ; Sawabe et al, ). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was utilized for immunhistochemical analysis to evaluate fibroblast proliferation in the connective tissue (Häkkinen, Uitto, & Larjava, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Er:YAG laser on wound healing following nonsurgical therapy: A pilot study

Klepper

Chun

Cochran

et al. 2019

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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The purpose is to examine early wound healing through histological analysis by characterizing connective tissue distribution and organization in the treated periodontium following nonsurgical therapy. Periodontal disease is a multifactorial pathological process that leads to the loss of the surrounding periodontium. Traditional periodontal therapies have proven beneficial in halting the progression of disease. The aim of this study is to investigate early wound healing in periodontal patients following hand/ultrasonic instrumentation alone, erbium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser instrumentation alone, or a combination of hand/ultrasonic instrumentation and Er:YAG laser instrumentation for the nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis by histologic evaluation. Twenty‐one patients were randomized to receive nonsurgical therapy for the treatment of chronic periodontitis with three modalities prior to surgical therapy. Baseline clinical measurements were obtained prior to treatment. Wound healing was assessed by obtaining an otherwise discarded tissue sample following nonsurgical therapy of the selected study site. Samples were obtained at 2 or 6 weeks following initial therapy with a step‐back incision and fixated for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. There were minimal between‐group differences in the amount of collagen distribution when analyzing the Mallory–Heidenhain Azan trichrome, Picrosirus Red stain, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen at both time points. Descriptive analysis of baseline measurements showed no differences in probing depth change, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level following initial therapy between the three treatment groups at 2 or 6 weeks. Each treatment modality was effective in treating moderate to severe chronic periodontitis; however, the results of this study are inconclusive regarding superiority of any one treatment approach from a histologic and immunohistochemical perspective. Based on this assessment, there was increased fibroblast proliferation and collagen maturation between the 2‐ and 6‐week time point after treatment in all treatment groups, with few apparent differences between treatment groups. This pilot study qualitatively evaluated early wound healing in periodontal patients following non surgical therapy with various treatment modalities. When comparing descriptive outcomes of Er:YAG laser therapy and hand/ultrasonic instrumentation there were minimal differences in collagen distribution and density between groups. The evaluated modalities were each effective treating periodontal patients with non surgical therapy.

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Gingival tissue healing following Er:YAG laser ablation compared to electrosurgery in rats

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Lasers and the treatment of periodontitis: the essence and the noise

Lasers and the treatment of periodontitis: the essence and the noise

Effects of Er:YAG and Diode Laser Irradiation on Dental Pulp Cells and Tissues

Impact of Er:YAG laser on wound healing following nonsurgical therapy: A pilot study

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