Gingival lipoma: a case report

Abstract

RESUMEN.El lipoma se define como una neoplasia benigna de crecimiento lento, compuesta de células grasas maduras, por lo general rodeadas por una delgada cápsula fibrosa. Su presentación en la boca se considera infrecuente, y corresponden al 0,1 a 5% de los tumores benignos de la boca. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 76 años con una lesión en papila y zona vestibular entre molares 46 y 47, de aproximadamente 1,3 x 1,0 cm. Se enuclea la lesión y se realiza el examen histológico, el cual fue compatible con un lipoma. En este artículo se describen sus características clínicas, su diagnóstico diferencial con otras patologías de la cavidad oral y su respectivo manejo.Palabras clave: lipoma, tejido adiposo, cavidad oral.ABSTRACT. The lipoma is a benign neoplasm of slow growth composed of mature fatty cells, usually surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule. It does not commonly appear in the oral cavity, corresponding to 0.1 to 5% of benign tumors of the mouth. This article presents the case of a 76-yearold female patient with a lesion on papilla and vestibular area between molars 46 and 47, measuring approximately 1.3 x 1.0 cm. The lesion was nucleated and subjected to histological examination, being compatible with a lipoma. This article describes its clinical features, differential diagnosis with other diseases of the oral cavity, and its respective management.

Considerations of Different Surgical Approaches to Lipoma in the Face: Clinical Case

“…Currently, imaging exams are valuable instruments in the diagnosis of lipomas, which include ultrasound, magnetic resonance, computed tomography, and panoramic radiography 3 . However, even with the imaging tests that assist in the diagnosis, only histological analysis is the only test capable of providing the definitive diagnosis 8,12 .…”

“…The pathogenesis of lipoma is uncertain, studies indicate that it is related to the excessive growth of mature adipocytes, endocrine changes, alcoholism, trauma or related to "metaplasia theory" in which tissue cells can mutate anywhere in the body, differentiating themselves from mesenchymal cells 5,7,8 . The metabolism of lipomas being independent of body fat 1,2 .…”

“…A clinical feature in the intraoperative, but not conclusive, is that the lipoma tends to fluctuate when placed in a 10% formaldehyde solution 11 . Even in cases of recurrence of the lipoma, these factors are not related to malignant transformation 8 . the patient must remain under follow-up, although the prognosis is favorable 2 .…”

Lipoma intraoral: relato de caso e atualização da literatura

“…É mais frequente em outras regiões do corpo do que na cavidade oral e, quando comparado às neoplasias benignas comuns nessa região, corresponde a apenas 5%. Apesar de alguns autores estabelecerem que a obesidade influencia no desenvolvimento do lipoma, acredita-se que a lesão seja completamente independente do metabolismo lipídico corpóreo normal (Osterne et al, 2019;Valencia, Rivera & Mazuera, 2017). A etiopatogenia dos lipomas, mecanismos de crescimento e manutenção tumoral ainda são desconhecidos, entretanto, fatores inflamatórios, alterações endócrinas, herança genética, trauma local e metaplasia de células do tecido muscular podem estar relacionados ao seu surgimento (Santos et al, 2014;Dehghani et al, 2019).…”

“…Clinicamente, apresenta-se como uma lesão nodular de crescimento lento e assintomática, com base séssil ou pediculada, bem circunscrita, consistência macia, superfície lisa e coloração tipicamente amarelada. A região da cavidade oral com maior prevalência é a mucosa jugal, seguida pelo lábio inferior (Osterne et al, 2019;Valencia, Rivera & Mazuera, 2017).…”