Gingival crevicular fluid levels of visfatin in patients with chronic periodontitis and polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Objective Recently, the association between periodontal diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been established, and it has been revealed that visfatin levels increase in chronic periodontitis (CP) and PCOS. However, there was no study comparing the mean visfatin levels between advanced CP and PCOS. Therefore, the probable role of visfatin linking these diseases remains unknown, and this study was conducted to address this gap. Methods In this age-and weight-matched case-control study (cases with PCOS disease and controls without it), 110 female participants were divided into 4 groups based on clinical findings. The 1st group participants had both PCOS and advanced CP (n=30), 2nd group participants had only PCOS (n=25), 3rd group participants had only advanced CP (n=23), and 4th group comprised of healthy participants (n=32). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to investigate visfatin levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Data were collected and analyzed using Stata software (version 11). Results The results revealed the significant effect of both PCOS and advanced CP on visfatin levels in the GCF (P<0.05). Conclusion According to the results of this study, the visfatin level in the GCF could be the probable link of association between PCOS and advanced CP.

Is There a Bidirectional Association between Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Periodontitis? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…Out of these 19 articles which were subjected to full paper review eligibility, 7 articles were excluded as they did not address the research questions ( Supplementary Table S1 ). As a result, a final number of 12 case-control studies [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ] met all of the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included for qualitative synthesis ( Figure 1 ). Interexaminer reliability at the full-text screening was considered very substantial (kappa score = 1.00).…”

“…The RoB for observational studies, with Newcastle-Ottawa scale, varied across the studies, ranging from 7 to 9 stars ( Supplementary Table S2 ). After appraisal, four articles presented the highest score (9/9) [ 15 , 19 , 21 , 22 ]. Furthermore, six articles scored 8/9 [ 16 , 17 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

“…To investigate the likelihood of PCOS female individuals to have PD, three studies were included [ 15 , 18 , 21 ], in a total of 49,046 participants. The overall results reveal that PCOS individuals have on average 28% more risk to develop periodontitis (RR [95% CI]: 1.28 [1.06–1.55], p < 0.0001, I 2 = 43.0%) with moderate heterogeneity, revealing some variation among the included studies ( Figure 2 ).…”

“…For the BoP analysis, ten studies were included to investigate the association of PCOS on gingival bleeding [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 33 , 34 , 36 ]. Five studies compared BoP levels of PD patients with and without PCOS [ 16 , 17 , 21 , 33 , 34 ], four studies compared BoP levels of non-PD patients with and without PCOS [ 17 , 21 , 34 , 36 ] and four studies compared BoP between PCOS and controls [ 14 , 15 , 19 , 22 ] ( Figure 4 ). Overall, this analysis had 594 and 490 individuals with PCOS and without PCOS, respectively.…”

“…Over the last decade, cross-sectional evidence has suggested that PCOS patients may be more prone to develop periodontitis [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ] and with higher local levels of OS [ 14 , 17 ]. Also, a randomized clinical trial showed that nonsurgical periodontal therapy together with myo-inositol therapy contributed to a higher decrease of systemic inflammatory levels compared with myo-inositol solely in women with PCOS and periodontitis [ 23 ].…”