Gingival crevicular fluid a marker of the periodontal disease activity

Subrahmanyam, M. V. R.; Sangeetha, M.

doi:10.1007/bf02867658

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…GCF is an inflammatory exudate that can be collected at the gingival margin or within the gingival crevice [ 33 ] and is available for assessment in the active phase of PD. GCF samples from PD patients and healthy control individuals were subjected to BLOTCHIP-MS analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleavage of Host Cytokeratin-6 by Lysine-Specific Gingipain Induces Gingival Inflammation in Periodontitis Patients

et al. 2015

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Background/PurposeLysine-specific gingipain (Kgp) is a virulence factor secreted from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a major etiological bacterium of periodontal disease. Keratin intermediate filaments maintain the structural integrity of gingival epithelial cells, but are targeted by Kgp to produce a novel cytokeratin 6 fragment (K6F). We investigated the release of K6F and its induction of cytokine secretion.MethodsK6F present in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontal disease patients and in gingipain-treated rat gingival epithelial cell culture supernatants was measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer-based rapid quantitative peptide analysis using BLOTCHIP. K6F in gingival tissues was immunostained, and cytokeratin 6 protein was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Activation of MAPK in gingival epithelial cells was evaluated by immunoblotting. ELISA was used to measure K6F and the cytokines release induced by K6F. Human gingival fibroblast migration was assessed using a Matrigel invasion chamber assay.ResultsWe identified K6F, corresponding to the C-terminus region of human cytokeratin 6 (amino acids 359–378), in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontal disease patients and in the supernatant from gingival epithelial cells cultured with Kgp. K6F antigen was distributed from the basal to the spinous epithelial layers in gingivae from periodontal disease patients. Cytokeratin 6 on gingival epithelial cells was degraded by Kgp, but not by Arg-gingipain, P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide or Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide. K6F, but not a scrambled K6F peptide, induced human gingival fibroblast migration and secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. These effects of K6F were mediated by activation of p38 MAPK and Jun N-terminal kinase, but not p42/44 MAPK or p-Akt.ConclusionKgp degrades gingival epithelial cell cytokeratin 6 to K6F that, on release, induces invasion and cytokine secretion by human gingival fibroblasts. Thus, Kgp may contribute to the development of periodontal disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleavage of Host Cytokeratin-6 by Lysine-Specific Gingipain Induces Gingival Inflammation in Periodontitis Patients

et al. 2015

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“…This acid glycohydrolase is used as a marker for primary granule release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and in GCF has been correlated with the number of PMN in gingival crevice. [24]…”

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six fold increases in β-Glucuronidase activity has been found in periodontal diseases. [24] The activity of β-Glucuronidase is associated with severity of inflammation and also with the presence of putative pathogenic flora. This enzyme has been detected in GCF of patients with active site of periodontal disease, thus making β-Glucuronidase as an important biochemical marker for disease activity [25] In our study, salivary β-Glucuronidase activity was not detected in control group but highest levels were found in Group IV (7.29 ± 3.12) as seen in table no.1.…”

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confidence: 99%

Beta Glucuronidase Activity in Diabetes Associated Periodontitis

Gawali¹,

Padhye²,

Chavan³

2020

IJAR

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Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for development of periodontal disease with progressive periodontal destruction seen in diabetic patients. Advances in oral and periodontal disease diagnostic research are moving towards methods whereby periodontal risk can be identified and quantified by objective measures such as biomarkers. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of beta glucuronidase activity as an enzymatic biomarker of periodontal tissue destruction in patients of Diabetes mellitus associated with Periodontitis. β Glucuronidase activitywas estimated in saliva, GCF (Gingival Crevicular Fluid) and serum in healthy subjects and patients with Diabetes mellitus, Periodontitis and Diabetes associated periodontitis. Enzyme activity was compared with clinical parameters like Probing pocket depth, Plaque Index and Gingival Index. It was maximally raised in diabetic cases with periodontitis. Enzyme activity was found to be highest in crevicular fluid compared to saliva and serum. However, serum Glucuronidase correlated significantly with clinical indices. β-glucuronidase may be employed on routine basis as a chair side test for screening and diagnosis of patients with periodontitis in diabetics.

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“…Researchers are confronted then with the need for an innovative diagnostic test that focuses on the early recognition of the microbial challenge to the host. [ 6 ] Optimal innovative approaches would correctly determine the presence of the current disease activity, predict sites vulnerable for future breakdown, and assess the response to periodontal interventions [Figures 1 and 2 ]. A new paradigm for periodontal diagnosis would ultimately affect the improved clinical management of periodontal patients.…”

Section: Need For a Periodontal Diagnostic Indicatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical analysis of biomarkers in the current periodontal practice

Khiste

Ranganath

Nichani

et al. 2011

J Indian Soc Periodontol

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Periodontal disease is a chronic microbial infection that triggers inflammation-mediated loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone that supports the teeth. Because of the increasing prevalence and associated comorbidities, there is a need for the development of new diagnostic tests that can detect the presence of active disease, predict future disease progression, and evaluate the response to periodontal therapy, thereby improving the clinical management of periodontal patients. The diagnosis of active phases of periodontal disease and the identification of patients at risk for active disease represent challenges for clinical investigators and practitioners. Advances in diagnostic research are moving toward methods whereby the periodontal risk can be identified and quantified by objective measures using biomarkers. Patients with periodontitis may have elevated circulating levels of specific inflammatory markers that can be correlated to the severity of the disease. Advances in the use of oral fluids as possible biological samples for objective measures of the current disease state, treatment monitoring, and prognostic indicators have boosted saliva- and other oral-based fluids to the forefront of technology. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an inflammatory exudate that can be collected at the gingival margin or within the gingival crevice. This article highlights recent advances in the use of biomarker-based disease diagnostics that focus on the identification of active periodontal disease from plaque biofilms, GCF, and saliva.

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Gingival crevicular fluid a marker of the periodontal disease activity

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Cleavage of Host Cytokeratin-6 by Lysine-Specific Gingipain Induces Gingival Inflammation in Periodontitis Patients

Cleavage of Host Cytokeratin-6 by Lysine-Specific Gingipain Induces Gingival Inflammation in Periodontitis Patients

Beta Glucuronidase Activity in Diabetes Associated Periodontitis

Critical analysis of biomarkers in the current periodontal practice

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