Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in vitro adipogenesis and its endocrine regulation by leptin, ghrelin, and insulin

Basto-Silva, Catarina; Balbuena-Pecino, Sara; Oliva-Teles, Aires; Riera‐Heredia, Natàlia; Navarro, Isabel; Guerreiro, Inês; Capilla, Encarnación

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110772

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…lepr knockout trout exhibited a hyperphagic phenotype, and increased energy stores in muscle as observed in mammalian models (100). Recently, it was reported that leptin induces muscle wasting in a zebrafish krasdriven hepatocellular carcinoma model (10). By using lepr knockout fish, it was found that these animals had a higher survival rate and significantly lower muscle-wasting level after tumor induction than the tumor-induced fish in the wild-type background.…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Recent advances in the crosstalk between adipose, muscle and bone tissues in fish

et al. 2023

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Control of tissue metabolism and growth involves interactions between organs, tissues, and cell types, mediated by cytokines or direct communication through cellular exchanges. Indeed, over the past decades, many peptides produced by adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and bone named adipokines, myokines and osteokines respectively, have been identified in mammals playing key roles in organ/tissue development and function. Some of them are released into the circulation acting as classical hormones, but they can also act locally showing autocrine/paracrine effects. In recent years, some of these cytokines have been identified in fish models of biomedical or agronomic interest. In this review, we will present their state of the art focusing on local actions and inter-tissue effects. Adipokines reported in fish adipocytes include adiponectin and leptin among others. We will focus on their structure characteristics, gene expression, receptors, and effects, in the adipose tissue itself, mainly regulating cell differentiation and metabolism, but in muscle and bone as target tissues too. Moreover, lipid metabolites, named lipokines, can also act as signaling molecules regulating metabolic homeostasis. Regarding myokines, the best documented in fish are myostatin and the insulin-like growth factors. This review summarizes their characteristics at a molecular level, and describes both, autocrine effects and interactions with adipose tissue and bone. Nonetheless, our understanding of the functions and mechanisms of action of many of these cytokines is still largely incomplete in fish, especially concerning osteokines (i.e., osteocalcin), whose potential cross talking roles remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, by using selective breeding or genetic tools, the formation of a specific tissue can be altered, highlighting the consequences on other tissues, and allowing the identification of communication signals. The specific effects of identified cytokines validated through in vitro models or in vivo trials will be described. Moreover, future scientific fronts (i.e., exosomes) and tools (i.e., co-cultures, organoids) for a better understanding of inter-organ crosstalk in fish will also be presented. As a final consideration, further identification of molecules involved in inter-tissue communication will open new avenues of knowledge in the control of fish homeostasis, as well as possible strategies to be applied in aquaculture or biomedicine.

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Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…More recently, Basto-Silva et al. ( 11 ), reported that leptin inhibits lipid accumulation, significantly reducing the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( pparγ ) and fatty acid transporter cd36 gene expression, both in early differentiating and mature adipocytes of gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata ).…”

Section: Adipokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the crosstalk between adipose, muscle and bone tissues in fish

et al. 2023

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“…Whereas fas mRNA levels in SAF-1 cells treated with PUFA-SPe were similar to the control ( Figure 2 ), this was perhaps due to direct inhibition of de novo synthesis caused by the addition of PUFA into the culture medium [ 93 ]. These results suggest that the addition of PUFA to the diet could inhibit the lipogenic pathway, restraining lipid synthesis [ 78 , 94 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Side Stream Products from Sea Cage Fattened Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus): Production and In Vitro Bioactivity Evaluation of Enriched ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

et al. 2022

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The valorization of side streams from fishery and aquaculture value-chains is a valuable solution to address one of the challenges of the circular economy: turning wastes into profit. Side streams produced after filleting of sea cage fattened bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) were analyzed for proximate composition and fatty acid profile to evaluate the possibility of producing tuna oil (TO) as a valuable source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and testing its bioactivity in vitro. Ethyl esters of total fatty acids (TFA), obtained from TO, were pre-enriched by urea complexation (PUFA-Ue) and then enriched by short path distillation (SPD) up to almost 85% of the PUFA fraction (PUFA-SPe). The bioactivity of TFA, PUFA-SPe, and ethyl esters of depleted PUFA (PUFA-SPd) were tested in vitro, through analysis of lipid metabolism genes, in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fibroblast cell line (SAF-1) exposed to oils. TFA and PUFA-SPd upregulated transcription factors (pparβ and pparγ) and lipid metabolism-related genes (D6D, fas, fabp, fatp1, and cd36), indicating the promotion of adipogenesis. PUFA-SPe treated cells were similar to control. PUFA-SPe extracted from farmed bluefin tuna side streams could be utilized in fish feed formulations to prevent excessive fat deposition, contributing to improving both the sustainability of aquaculture and the quality of its products.

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“…Intracellular neutral lipid content was determined by means of Oil Red O (ORO) staining, as performed in previous studies with the same cell type and species [30]. In brief, after 72 h treatment, adipocytes from duplicate wells in 12-well plates were fixed with 10% formalin and stained with 0.3% ORO (O0625, Sigma-Aldrich, Tres Cantos, Spain) for 2 h. The dye was eluted in 2-propanol, and absorbance was measured at 490 nm with a microplate reader (Tecan Infinite M200, Männedorf, Switzerland).…”

Section: Lipid Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hydroxytyrosol-Rich Extract Supplementation in a High-Fat Diet on Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Lipid Metabolism

Balbuena-Pecino,

Montblanch,

Rosell-Moll

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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High-fat diets (HFDs) enhance fish growth by optimizing nutrient utilization (i.e., protein-sparing effect); however, their potential negative effects have also encouraged the search for feed additives. This work has investigated the effects of an extract rich in a polyphenolic antioxidant, hydroxytyrosol (HT), supplemented (0.52 g HT/kg feed) in a HFD (24% lipid) in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Fish received the diet at two ration levels, standard (3% of total fish weight) or restricted (40% reduction) for 8 weeks. Animals fed the supplemented diet at a standard ration had the lowest levels of plasma free fatty acids (4.28 ± 0.23 mg/dL versus 6.42 ± 0.47 in the non-supplemented group) and downregulated hepatic mRNA levels of lipid metabolism markers (ppara, pparb, lpl, fatp1, fabp1, acox1, lipe and lipa), supporting potential fat-lowering properties of this compound in the liver. Moreover, the same animals showed increased muscle lipid content and peroxidation (1.58- and 1.22-fold, respectively, compared to the fish without HT), suggesting the modulation of body adiposity distribution and an enhanced lipid oxidation rate in that tissue. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering this phytocompound as an optimal additive in HFDs for gilthead sea bream to improve overall fish health and condition.

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Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in vitro adipogenesis and its endocrine regulation by leptin, ghrelin, and insulin

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Recent advances in the crosstalk between adipose, muscle and bone tissues in fish

Recent advances in the crosstalk between adipose, muscle and bone tissues in fish

Valorization of Side Stream Products from Sea Cage Fattened Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus): Production and In Vitro Bioactivity Evaluation of Enriched ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Impact of Hydroxytyrosol-Rich Extract Supplementation in a High-Fat Diet on Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Lipid Metabolism

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