Gilbert Rahm and the Status of Mesotardigrada Rahm, 1937

Grothman, Gary T.; Johansson, Carl; Chilton, Glen; Kagoshima, Hiroshi; Tsujimoto, Megumu; Suzuki, Atsushi

doi:10.2108/zs160109

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Class Mesotardigrada Rahm, 1937 nomen dubium (diagnosis as in Ramazzotti & Maucci, and Grothman et al, )…”

Section: Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three classes within Tardigrada (i.e., Heterotardigrada, Mesotardigrada and Eutardigrada) were created at the beginning of the XX century, being Mesotardigrada questioned in several occasions (Grothman et al, 2017;Ramazzotti & Maucci, 1983). Eutardigrada monophyly has also been examined resulting dependent on the selection of outgroups for analyses (Guil & Giribet, 2012).…”

Section: Towards a Natural Classification Of Tardigradamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41% of tardigrade diversity, Eutardigrada with ca. 59% of total diversity and Mesotardigrada, a monospecific class which validity has been repeatedly questioned (Grothman et al, 2017;Ramazzotti & Maucci, 1983). The most remarkable characteristic of tardigrades is their ability to survive under extreme terrestrial and extraterrestrial conditions (Guidetti, Altiero, & Rebecchi, 2011;Jönsson, Rabbow, Schill, Harms-Ringdahl, & Rettberg, 2008;Møbjerg et al, 2011;Persson et al, 2011;Rebecchi et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These hypotheses, relating claw and buccopharyngeal apparatus evolution with ecology, open a new research line within tardigrades that need of further genetic, developmental, taxonomical and ecological information to be clarified. Tardigrada Doyère, 1840 Class Mesotardigrada Rahm, 1937 nomen dubium (diagnosis as in Ramazzotti &Maucci, 1983 andGrothman et al, 2017) Diagnosis: Cirri A present. With heterotardigrada-like spines.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An upgraded comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Tardigrada tree of life

2018

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Providing accurate animals’ phylogenies rely on increasing knowledge of neglected phyla. Tardigrada diversity evaluated in broad phylogenies (among phyla) is biased towards eutardigrades. A comprehensive phylogeny is demanded to establish the representative diversity and propose a more natural classification of the phylum. So, we have performed multilocus (18S rRNA and 28S rRNA) phylogenies with Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood. We propose the creation of a new class within Tardigrada, erecting the order Apochela (Eutardigrada) as a new Tardigrada class, named Apotardigrada comb. n. Two groups of evidence support its creation: (a) morphological, presence of cephalic appendages, unique morphology for claws (separated branches) and wide‐elongated buccopharyngeal apparatus without placoids, and (b) phylogenetic support based on molecular data. Consequently, order Parachela is suppressed and its superfamilies erected as orders within Eutardigrada, maintaining their current names. We propose a new classification within the family Echiniscidae (Echiniscoidea, Heterotardigrada) with morphological and phylogenetic support: (a) subfamily Echiniscinae subfam. n., with two tribes Echiniscini tribe n. and Bryodelphaxini tribe n.; (b) subfamily Pseudechiniscinae subfam. n., with three tribes Cornechiniscini tribe n., Pseudechiniscini tribe n. and Anthechiniscini tribe n.; and (c) subfamily Parechiniscinae subfam. n., with two tribes Parechiniscini tribe n. and Novechiniscini tribe n. Reliable biodiversity selection for tardigrades in broad phylogenies is proposed due to biased analyses performed up to now. We use our comprehensive molecular phylogeny to evaluate the evolution of claws in the clawless genus Apodibius and claw reduction across the Tardigrada tree of life. Evolutionary consequences are discussed.

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“…Class Mesotardigrada Rahm, 1937 nomen dubium (diagnosis as in Ramazzotti & Maucci, and Grothman et al, )…”

Section: Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Towards a Natural Classification Of Tardigradamentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An upgraded comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Tardigrada tree of life

2018

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“…La clase Heterotardigrada comprende los órdenes Echiniscoidea Richters, 1926y Arthrotardigrada Marcus, 1927, incluyendo este último sólo representantes marinos (Fontoura et al, 2017). La clase Mesotardigrada, actualmente, es considerada nomen dubium de acuerdo a Grothman et al (2017).…”

Section: Clavesunclassified