GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 Plays an Important Role in the Growth Regulation of Dwarf Apple Rootstocks

Since ancient times, grafting has been utilized to develop horticultural crops to increase plant vigor, yield potential, and tolerance to various environmental stresses. Grafting employs selected rootstocks of the same species or near relatives. Moreover, dwarfing is desirable for intensive cultivation and efficient orchard management. However, information on the regulatory mechanisms regulating rootstock-induced vigor remains unclear. Numerous studies comprehend the physiological and molecular mechanism of rootstock control scion vigor, which has significantly improved our understanding regarding vigor control processes in apple, litchi, pear, citrus, etc. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of rootstocks on scion vigor and hormonal mechanisms involved in dwarfing, such as auxin (IAA), cytokinins (CK), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acids (GAs), and brassinosteroids (BR). This study will provide fascinating information for future studies on rootstock-induced dwarfing effects and accelerate the breeding of dwarfing rootstocks.

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Macadamia Breeding for Reduced Plant Vigor: Progress and Prospects for Profitable and Sustainable Orchard Systems

Dhakal Poudel,

Cowan,

Shaw

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Vigor control in tree crops plays an important role in increasing orchard efficiency and sustainability. It has enabled high-density plantations to maximize yield efficiency while reducing production costs. Although traditional methods such as frequent hedging and pruning are still used, dwarfing rootstocks and low-vigor cultivars are the most effective and sustainable means of vigor control, as these methods reduce labor and management costs while maintaining yield efficiency. Considerable variation among cultivars and rootstocks for vigor has been identified; however, mechanisms by which rootstocks affect scion vigor in slow-maturing tree crops remain unclear. With the lack of adequate information required for early and rapid selection, breeding programs in tree crops such as macadamia still utilize manual phenotyping, which is laborious, time-consuming, and expensive. Providing insights on emerging technologies that enhance breeding programs via rapid selection, this review summarizes the current state of vigor management and underlying mechanisms of vigor control in tree crops. It provides further understanding of the prospects of applying those techniques in rootstock and scion breeding for low-vigor and yield-efficient cultivars in tree crops, with specific reference to macadamia.

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GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 Plays an Important Role in the Growth Regulation of Dwarf Apple Rootstocks

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Genetics, Breeding, and Genomics of Apple Rootstocks

Genetics, Breeding, and Genomics of Apple Rootstocks

Hormonal Interactions Underlying Rootstock-Induced Vigor Control in Horticultural Crops

Macadamia Breeding for Reduced Plant Vigor: Progress and Prospects for Profitable and Sustainable Orchard Systems

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