Gibberellic Acid-Promoted Lignification and Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase Activity in a Dwarf Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>)

Cheng, Christina K.; Marsh, H. V.

doi:10.1104/pp.43.11.1755

Cited by 44 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We also confirmed this with bean hypocotyl (7). Moreover, many researchers have showed that growth responses of dwarf plants to light differ from those of the tall varieties (1,3,5,11,14,15). These findings suggest a relationship between the dwarf expression and physiological aging of a shoot system.…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

“…We have reported that dwarf expression in the early growth of bean seedlings may be a reflection of a difference in gibberellin content between the tall and dwarf varieties (6,8 (1,3,5,11,14,15). These findings suggest a relationship between the dwarf expression and physiological aging of a shoot system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…These red light responses in each zone of both the tail and dwarf hypocotyl units were reversed by subsequent exposure to far red light regardless of the duration and intensity of red Ught, thus indicating that the hastened aging progression of the hypocotyl by red light is medinted by phytochrome. However, there is no difference in the rate of decay of Pfr between the tall and dwarf hypocotyls.The increased expression of bean dwarfism seems to result from a concerted action of red light upon the maturation of younger portions of the hypocotyls, which is more rapid in the dwarf than in the tall, and upon the elongation of the relatively matured portion, which is more severely inhibited in the dwarf.We have reported that dwarf expression in the early growth of bean seedlings may be a reflection of a difference in gibberellin content between the tall and dwarf varieties (6,8 (1,3,5,11,14,15). These findings suggest a relationship between the dwarf expression and physiological aging of a shoot system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

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Aging Progression Involving Dwarfism and Its Acceleration by Red Light in Bean Hypocotyls

Gotô¹,

Esashi²

1976

Plant Physiol.

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The effect of red light on the aging progression of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) hypocotyl segment unit was examined in relation to dwarfism using Kentucky Wonder (tall) and Masterpiece (dwarf) varieties. In both plants, red light promoted the elongation of younger zones and inhibited that of mature zones. The zone exhibiting maxmum elongation was shifted to the younger zones by red light irradiation regardless of the plant type, but its extent was greater in the dwarf than in the tall. Thus, red light hastens both the beginning of elongation in the younger portion and its termination in the mature portion of the hypocotyl, particularly of the dwarf plant. These red light responses in each zone of both the tail and dwarf hypocotyl units were reversed by subsequent exposure to far red light regardless of the duration and intensity of red Ught, thus indicating that the hastened aging progression of the hypocotyl by red light is medinted by phytochrome. However, there is no difference in the rate of decay of Pfr between the tall and dwarf hypocotyls.The increased expression of bean dwarfism seems to result from a concerted action of red light upon the maturation of younger portions of the hypocotyls, which is more rapid in the dwarf than in the tall, and upon the elongation of the relatively matured portion, which is more severely inhibited in the dwarf.We have reported that dwarf expression in the early growth of bean seedlings may be a reflection of a difference in gibberellin content between the tall and dwarf varieties (6,8 (1,3,5,11,14,15). These findings suggest a relationship between the dwarf expression and physiological aging of a shoot system. The present study demonstrates the involvement of a light-mediated tissue aging in the dwarfism of beans.MATERIALS AND METHODS Two bean cultivars, a tall (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Kentucky Wonder) and a dwarf (P. vulgaris cv. Masterpiece), were used for comparison in all experiments. The general procedures followed that described previously (7): the seed coat was cracked carefully near its hilum with a razor blade in order to ensure an even water absorption rate between the two plant types, and the seeds were germinated in vermiculite moistened by Knop's solution at 25 C in the dark for 5 days. Hypocotyl units were prepared from the etiolated seedlings selected for 6 to 7 cm in height (Fig.

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confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

mentioning

confidence: 64%

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Aging Progression Involving Dwarfism and Its Acceleration by Red Light in Bean Hypocotyls

Gotô¹,

Esashi²

1976

Plant Physiol.

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“…Lignification is also correlated with appearance of ammonia-lyase activity (2,16,24). In these situa-1 Supported in part by grant GB 6702 from NSF.…”

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confidence: 98%

Induction of Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase in Xanthium Leaf Disks. Photosynthetic Requirement and Effect of Daylength

Zucker

1969

Plant Physiol.

104

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“…L-Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase catalyzes the removal of ammonium ions from L-phenylalanine to yield trans-cinnamate and ammonia (19). Several workers (7,12,28) have demonstrated a GA3-promoted increase of the ammonia-lyase activity in a number of plant species. Since the phenotype of the tomato mutant was suspected to be related to the effects of the gibberellins, it seemed possible that the activity of this enzyme in the yg, would be different from that in the normal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of the Yellow-Green 6 Gene in Tomato

Perez¹,

Marsh²,

Lachman³

1974

Plant Physiol.

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The yellow-green 6 (ygf) mutation in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is controlled by a single recessive gene with pleiotropic effects. The syndrome of characters associated with the mutation are enhanced stem elongation, reduced chlorophyll content and absence of deteetable anthocyanins. We now have shown that the mutant also has fewer lateral roots than the wild type and higher L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (E.C. 4.3.1.5) activity than the normal tomato. These traits of the mutant closely resemble those induced in many plants by the application of gibberellic acid which suggests that the phenotypic expressions of the mutation might in some manner be related to the endogenous level or activity of the gibberellins. In support of this premise, data are presented which show that the characters of the mutant can be induced in the wild type tomato by application of gibberellic acid. Conversely, several traits of the wild type can be induced in the mutant by an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis, Phosfon. In addition, an embryoless barley half-seed bioassay for the gibberellins and gas-liquid chromatography indicated that the mutant contained at least three times as much total gibberellin as the wild type plant.A particular phenotype may be determined by a single gene through the control of a single chemical reaction as was demonstrated in lower organisms (15) and in higher plants (26).For example, in the latter, five mutant genes in Zea mays were suggested as being responsible for the dwarf habit of growth through the control of the amount of native gibberellins (26). These nonallelic mutant genes apparently control different steps in the biosynthesis of the gibberellins and thereby lead to a reduced amount of these substances, resulting in one observable phenotypic effect-dwarfed plants.Since hormones typically affect many facets of plant growth, it seems probable that an alteration of the level or efficacy of any natural hormone, such as the gibberellins, could affect not only one phenotypic trait, but could give rise to a whole syndrome of pleiotropic characteristics (5).

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Gibberellic Acid-Promoted Lignification and Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase Activity in a Dwarf Pea (Pisum sativum)

Cited by 44 publications

References 23 publications

Aging Progression Involving Dwarfism and Its Acceleration by Red Light in Bean Hypocotyls

Aging Progression Involving Dwarfism and Its Acceleration by Red Light in Bean Hypocotyls

Induction of Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase in Xanthium Leaf Disks. Photosynthetic Requirement and Effect of Daylength

Physiology of the Yellow-Green 6 Gene in Tomato

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