Giardia in Pets and Farm Animals, and Their Zoonotic Potential

Geurden, Thomas; Olson, Merle E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-0198-8_4

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Bovinos e em menor grau, os animais silvestres têm sido considerados como potentes reservatórios dessa transmissão hídrica. Os animais de companhia também estão associados com a transmissão direta da giardíase para os seres humanos, especialmente em ambientes endêmicos (Geurden & Olson, 2011).…”

Section: Poucos Estudos Tem Comparado Os Isolados Deunclassified

“…A primeira descrição de Giardia sp. foi em 1681 por Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, porém, somente no final do século XX, tornou-se aceita a importância tanto clínica quanto de saúde pública da giardíase (Geurden & Olson, 2011). A Giardia sp.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Embora a maioria dos gatos permaneça assintomático pela infecção de Giardia (Thompson et al, 2008), o quadro clínico da infecção em animais é altamente variável e pode incluir tanto diarreia aguda quanto crônica, náusea, perda de peso e hipersensibilidade. Pesquisas epidemiológicas desse protozoário estão sendo focadas principalmente na prevalência e caracterização molecular dos isolados de diferentes animais e hospedeiros humanos a fim de se estabelecer o perigo zoonótico (Geurden & Olson, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Feline giardiasis: a zoonosis?

2013

AVB

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RESUMO -O protozoário Giardia duodenalis é mundialmente reconhecido como importante causa de doença gastrintestinal em seres humanos e é a infecção parasitária mais comum nos animais de companhia. O quadro clínico da infecção nos animais é altamente variável e pode incluir diarreia aguda, náusea, perda de peso e hipersensibilidade. O objetivo desta revisão é abordar os aspectos relacionados à prevalência da doença no Brasil, etiologia, sinais clínicos, patogênese, diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção levando em consideração sua implicação em medicina veterinária e em saúde pública. Este conhecimento pode permitir a adoção de medidas preventivas e exames parasitológicos periódicos nos gatos domésticos, a fim de minimizar os riscos de transmissão a outros hospedeiros, principalmente ao homem.Palavras-Chave: gatos, zoonose, Giardia sp.. ABSTRACT -The protozoanGiardia duodenalis is worldwide recognized as an important cause of gastrointestinal disease in human beings and the most common parasitic infection in companion animals. The clinical feature of the infection in animals is highly variable and may result in acute diarrhea, nausea, weight loss and hypersensitivity. The aim of this review is to focus on the aspects related to prevalence of the disease in Brazil, etiology, clinical signs, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, regarding its implication in veterinary medicine and public health. This knowledge will allow prophylactic procedures and routine parasitological exams in domestic felines in order to minimize the risks of transmission for other hosts, mainly humans.

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Section: Poucos Estudos Tem Comparado Os Isolados Deunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Feline giardiasis: a zoonosis?

2013

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“…Nitazoxanide, a nitrothiazolyl-salicilamide, has been tested in vitro (Cedillo-Rivera et al, 2002), while azythromicin, an azalide, has been used for the treatment of only one dog (Zygner et al, 2008). Therefore, further experiments are required to confirm the efficacy of these drugs against Giardia infection (Geurden and Olson, 2011). Ronidazole and tinidazole are also nitroimidazoles, and while the latter has recently been approved in the United States for the treatment of giardiosis in humans, ronidazole has been used for treatment of blackhead disease, caused by Histomonas meleagridis in turkeys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several compounds are effective against Giardia, control programs combining drug treatment with cleaning and disinfection of the environment to reduce the environmental infection pressure are recommended (Geurden and Olson, 2011). Studies showed that calves as well as dogs re-excreted cysts shortly after the end of antiprotozoic treatment if no hygienic measures were implemented (Geurden et al, 2006;Villeneuve et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Giardia infections with ronidazole and intensive hygiene management in a dog kennel

Fiechter

Deplazes

Schnyder

2012

Veterinary Parasitology

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Infections with the intestinal protozoan parasite Giardia in dogs and cats are common. Clinical signs vary from asymptomatic to small bowel diarrhea and associated discomfort. The control of infections in dogs is frequently a frustrating issue for animal owners and veterinarians. Drugs with antiprotozoal activity such as fenbendazole and metronidazole are recommended, however, they do not show 100% efficacy and superinfections occur regularly. Ronidazole is currently the drug of choice for the treatment of Tritrichomonas foetus in cats and there is now limited information available about its efficacy against Giardia spp. In the kennel investigated, dogs regularly showed loose feces and the presence of Giardia (assemblage C, renamed as G. canis) cysts. An elimination strategy of this parasite involving strict hygiene management and disinfection of the enclosures with 4-chlorine-M-cresol, oral treatment with ronidazole (30-50mg/kg BW bid for 7 days) and two shampooings (containing chlorhexidine) at the beginning and the end of the treatments was implemented for a group of 6 dogs. As a control another group of 7 dogs was transferred to the disinfected enclosures and shampooed, but left untreated. Dog feces were tested for the presence of Giardia cysts (SAF concentration technique) or Giardia antigen with a commercial ELISA (NOVITEC(®)) and a quick immunochromatography-based test (SensPERT(®)) before and between 5 and 40 days after the last treatment. All ronidazole-treated dogs were negative for Giardia cysts and antigen up to 26 days after the last treatment, while between 1 and 5 of the control animals tested positive in each of the test series. At this point, also dogs of the control group were again moved into clean enclosures, shampooed twice and treated with ronidazole. Five, 12 and 19 days after the last treatment, the dogs in the control group tested negative for Giardia cysts and antigen. However, all animals had again positive results at later time points in at least one of the three applied diagnostic techniques within 33-61 days after treatment. Furthermore, all dogs had episodes of diarrhea (for 1-4 days) within 14-31 days after treatment and unformed feces during the whole experiment. The positive effect of ronidazole against Giardia infections in dogs could be confirmed in this study. In particular, the combination of ronidazole treatment combined with the disinfection of the environment and shampooing of the dogs was highly effective in reducing Giardia cyst excretion and may therefore constitute an alternative control strategy for canine giardiosis. t r a c tInfections with the intestinal protozoan parasite Giardia in dogs and cats are common. Clinical signs vary from asymptomatic to small bowel diarrhea and associated discomfort. The control of infections in dogs is frequently a frustrating issue for animal owners and veterinarians. Drugs with antiprotozoal activity such as fenbendazole and metronidazole are recommended, however, they do not show 100% efficacy and superinfections occur ...

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Giardia lamblia: Laboratory Maintenance, Lifecycle Induction, and Infection of Murine Models

2020

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Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite that is found ubiquitously throughout the world and is a major contributor to diarrheal disease. Giardia exhibits a biphasic lifestyle existing as either a dormant cyst or a vegetative trophozoite. Infections are typically initiated through the consumption of cyst-contaminated water or food. Giardia was first axenized in the 1970s and can be readily maintained in a laboratory setting. Additionally, Giardia is one of the few protozoans that can be induced to complete its complete lifecycle using laboratory methods. In this article, we outline protocols to maintain Giardia and induce passage through its lifecycle. We also provide protocols for infecting and quantifying parasites in an animal infection model.

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Giardia in Pets and Farm Animals, and Their Zoonotic Potential

Cited by 8 publications

References 182 publications

Feline giardiasis: a zoonosis?

Feline giardiasis: a zoonosis?

Control of Giardia infections with ronidazole and intensive hygiene management in a dog kennel

Giardia lamblia: Laboratory Maintenance, Lifecycle Induction, and Infection of Murine Models

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