Giant Tracheocele with Multiple Congenital Anomalies

Abstract

Tracheocele-an outpouching of tracheal mucous membrane-is an uncommon entity. It can occur as a congenital or acquired form. The congenital entity remains mostly dormant until adulthood, and then it typically presents as a herniation with multiple air-filled sacs. The acquired form develops as the result of blunt trauma, recurrent pulmonary infection, intubation, instrumentation, or surgery, and it typically presents as a single paratracheal cavity. We present an extremely rare case of a tracheocele associated with multiple congenital anomalies involving the face, limbs, and heart.

Multiple tracheobronchial diverticula in a post‐TB patient: A case report

“…14 Tracheocele is considered to be a single sac entity with a wide opening whereas tracheal diverticula are defined to be the condition with multiple sacs with narrow openings into the sac. 4 Sayit et al have defined multiple paratracheal conditions such as tracheocele, tracheal diverticula, lymphoepithelial cysts, and bronchogenic cysts under the heading of paratracheal cysts (PTACs). 15 However, some works of literature have used paratracheal air cysts and tracheal diverticulum interchangeably.…”

“…According to Dorland's medical dictionary, a diverticulum is defined as a circumscribed pouch or sac of variable size occurring normally or created by herniation of the lining mucous membrane through a defect in the muscular coat of a tubular organ 14 . Tracheocele is considered to be a single sac entity with a wide opening whereas tracheal diverticula are defined to be the condition with multiple sacs with narrow openings into the sac 4 . Sayit et al have defined multiple paratracheal conditions such as tracheocele, tracheal diverticula, lymphoepithelial cysts, and bronchogenic cysts under the heading of paratracheal cysts (PTACs) 15 .…”

“…[1][2][3] Tracheal diverticula are defined to be the condition with multiple sacs with narrow openings into the sac. 4 Though similar, bronchial diverticula are considered the cystic dilatation of the bronchial gland ducts. 5 A study by Polat et al showed a 4% prevalence of paratracheal air cysts (PTACs) but the tracheal diverticulum (cysts with tracheal connections) comprised only 0.6%.…”

“…Multiple tracheal and bronchial diverticula are uncommon entities and are often only detected incidentally by computed tomography (CT) or on autopsy specimens 1–3 . Tracheal diverticula are defined to be the condition with multiple sacs with narrow openings into the sac 4 . Though similar, bronchial diverticula are considered the cystic dilatation of the bronchial gland ducts 5 .…”

An Expansile Mass Following Central Lymph Node Dissection

“…6 These lesions are a result of mucosal herniation through weakened transverse bands of the trachealis muscle and are believed to occur in response to blunt injury or chronic pulmonary diseases associated with increased respiratory luminal pressure. 7 Similar to the congenital defect, acquired tracheoceles are typically right-sided. Conversely, they are most often observed at the level of the posterolateral thoracic inlet.…”