Giant thermo-emf in multiterminal superconductor/normal-metal mesoscopic structures

We consider a mesoscopic four-terminal superconductor/normal metal (S/N) structure in the presence of a temperature gradient along the N wire. A thermoemf arises in this system even in the absence of the thermoelectric quasiparticle current if the phase difference between the superconductors is not zero. We show that the thermoemf is not small in the case of a negligible Josephson coupling between two superconductors. It is also shown that the thermoelectric voltage has two maxima: one at a low temperature and another at a temperature close to the critical temperature. The obtained temperature dependence of the thermoemf describes qualitatively experimental data.

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“…The function f − obeys a kinetic equation, which being written in notations of Ref. [12,13] has the form…”

Section: Model and Basic Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, one has to use the boundary conditions at the S/N interfaces (see [12,13] ). The voltages V ± ≡ (V r ± V l )/2 are found from the condition of the absence of the total current through the N reservoirs (the condition of a disconnected circuit).…”

Section: R(a) Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range thermoelectric effects in mesoscopic superconductor–normal metal structures

Volkov

Павловский

2005

Phys. Rev. B

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“…It should be emphasized, however, that our experiment is far from equilibrium. We are not measuring a linear response transport coefficient, as was done with the thermopower of Andreev interferometers [20,21]. It is unlikely that one could achieve real local cooling in our experiment, as one does with the conventional Peltier effect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Supercurrent-Induced Temperature Gradient across a Nonequilibrium SNS Josephson Junction

Crosser¹,

Virtanen²,

Heikkilä³

et al. 2006

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Using tunneling spectroscopy, we have measured the local electron energy distribution function in the normal part of a superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) Josephson junction containing an extra lead to a normal reservoir. In the presence of simultaneous supercurrent and injected quasiparticle current, the distribution function exhibits a sharp feature at very low energy. The feature is odd in energy, and odd under reversal of either the supercurrent or the quasiparticle current direction. The feature represents an effective temperature gradient across the SNS Josephson junction that is controllable by the supercurrent.PACS numbers: 74.50.+r, 85.25.Am, 85.25.Cp

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“…in terms of the biases ∆V j = V j −V , ∆T j = T j −T and the modified response coefficients L. The proximityinduced changes in the conductance 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 have recently been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Behavior of the remaining off-diagonal coefficient L ij 21 has previously been discussed in Ref.…”

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confidence: 99%

Peltier effects in Andreev interferometers

Virtanen¹,

Heikkilä²

2007

Phys. Rev. B

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The superconducting proximity effect is known to modify transport properties of hybrid normal--superconducting structures. In addition to changing electrical and thermal transport separately, it alters the thermoelectric effects. Changes to one off-diagonal element $L_{12}$ of the thermoelectric matrix $L$ have previously been studied via the thermopower, but the remaining coefficient $L_{21}$ which is responsible for the Peltier effect has received less attention. We discuss symmetry relations between $L_{21}$ and $L_{12}$ in addition to the Onsager reciprocity, and calculate Peltier coefficients for a specific structure. Similarly as for the thermopower, for finite phase differences of the superconducting order parameter, the proximity effect creates a Peltier effect significantly larger than the one present in purely normal-metal structures. This results from the fact that a nonequilibrium supercurrent carries energy.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

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Giant thermo-emf in multiterminal superconductor/normal-metal mesoscopic structures

Cited by 42 publications

References 5 publications

Long-range thermoelectric effects in mesoscopic superconductor–normal metal structures

Long-range thermoelectric effects in mesoscopic superconductor–normal metal structures

Supercurrent-Induced Temperature Gradient across a Nonequilibrium SNS Josephson Junction

Peltier effects in Andreev interferometers

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