Giant Primary Vaginal Calculus Secondary to Vesicovaginal Fistula with Partial Vaginal Outlet Obstruction in a 12-Year-old Girl

A Large Primary Vaginal Calculus in a Woman With Paraplegia

“…Urinary incontinence and stasis can be related to neuropathic bladder [8], myelodysplasia [10,14], and bladder exstrophy [4,9] or can be caused by mental retardation [15] or cerebral palsy [2]. The vast majority of vaginal stones have been reported in association with gynecological conditions, particularly vesicovaginal or urethrovaginal fistulas with concomitant urinary tract infections [5,11,12,16].…”

“…In most of the cases, vaginal stones were solitary [2Y4, 6,9,11,13,15,21], but they can also be multiple [5,8,12,20]. The size of the calculi may vary.…”

“…This approach enabled the integrity of the genital organs to be assessed [3,5] and maintained the hymen [5]. Some authors have removed the calculus from the vagina through hymenal incision [2] or through an episiotomy incision [6,11]. Moreover, lithotripsy using a nephroscope in combination with an ultrasonic device to visualize the vagina and cervix [8] and intracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has been described [12].…”

A rare case of vaginolith, vesical calculus with vesicovaginal fistula in adolescent female

“…1 Vaginal calculus acts as a foreign body and some time can grow larger enough to obstruct the whole vagina leading to profound pressure over the bladder resulting in urinary retention. 2 Vaginal calculi can be recognized as primary or secondary depending on the presence or the absence of a foreign body nidus.…”