Giant magnetostrictive materials

Liu, Jinghua; Jiang, Chengbao; Xu, Huibin

doi:10.1007/s11431-012-4810-0

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Magnetostrictive materials can generate strain in response to excitation with magnetic field. Pure elements such as cobalt and nickel and alloys such as Terfenol‐D, (Ter for terbium, Fe for iron, NOL for Naval Ordnance Laboratory, and D for dysprosium), amorphous alloy Fe 81 Si 3.5 B 13.5 C 2 (under trade mark of Metglas 2605 SC), iron–aluminum alloy (from Alperm family), gallium–iron alloy (Galfenol), and 2V‐Permendur (i.e., a cobalt–iron alloy containing 2% vanadium (Fe 0.49 Co 0.49 V 0.02 )) are among the materials that exhibit magnetostrictive behavior. Owing to its great performance, Terfenol‐D (Tb x Dy 1− x Fe 2 with x ≈ 0.3) is the most industrially applied magnetostrictive material and can generate strains up to 0.2–0.24% under magnetic field of 40 kA m −1 and stress of 20 MPa with bandwidths up to 20 kHz .…”

Section: Artificial Muscles: Working Mechanism Properties and Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges

2017

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The area of artificial muscle is a highly interdisciplinary field of research that has evolved rapidly in the last 30 years. Recent advances in nanomaterial fabrication and characterization, specifically carbon nanotubes and nanowires, have had major contributions in the development of artificial muscles. However, what can artificial muscles really do for humans? This question is considered here by first examining nature's solutions to this design problem and then discussing the structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuators; conducting polymers; stimuli-responsive gels; piezoelectric, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, and photostrictive actuators; photoexcited actuators; electrostatic actuators; and pneumatic actuators.

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Section: Artificial Muscles: Working Mechanism Properties and Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges

2017

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“…Similar to ferroelectric MPBs, the already reported Tb 1Àx Dy x Co 2 6 and Tb 1Àx Dy x Fe 2 7 systems also show the flattened free energy landscape, which results in the coexistence of two low-symmetry phases and the significantly enhanced fieldinduced strain at MPB. Consequently, this offers a magnetostructural origin for the well-known Terfenol-D giant magnetostrictive materials (GMMs) with compositions near MPB (typically, Tb 0.3 Dy 0.7 Fe 2 ) , [9][10][11][12] which can generate high magnetostriction at low switching fields. MPB in Tb 1Àx Dy x Fe 2 was previously known as a "spin-orientation transition" that has been explained by single-ion theory, 10 but how maximum magnetostriction appears is unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

Local rhombohedral symmetry in Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 near the morphotropic phase boundary

Liu

Pan

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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The recently reported morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in a number of giant magnetostrictive materials (GMMs) has drawn considerable interest to the local symmetry/structure near MPB region of these materials. In this letter, by in-situ X-ray diffraction and AC magnetic susceptibility measurements, we show that Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2, the typical composition of Terfenol-D GMMs, has coexistence of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases over a wide temperature range in the vicinity of MPB. High resolution transmission electron microscopy provides direct evidence for local rhombohedral symmetry of the ferromagnetic phase and reveals regular-shaped nanoscale domains below 10 nm. The nano-sized structural/magnetic domains are hierarchically inside a single micron-sized stripe-like domain with the same average magnetization direction. Such domain structures are consistent with the low magnetocrystalline anisotropy and easy magnetic/structural domain switching under magnetic field, thus generating large magnetostriction at low field.

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“…6(c) ~ 6(g), the sensor performance is different for each calibration, this is because the sensor performance differs as not only the Possion's ratio [18] of GMM but also the thickness, width, length of the adhesive [19] which all relate to strain transfer between GMM and FBG. Figure 7 shows the performance of GMM [20] along its major magnetostriction direction, with external magnetic field increasing, the major magnetostriction direction of GMM elongates while its length-direction gets compressed which meets the performance of the magnetic field sensor. The average calibration curve is calculated by the 3 rd~1 0 th calibration curves in Fig.…”

Section: Fbg-gmm Sensor's Static Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 89%

Dynamic Magnetic Field Measurement in the Air Gap of Magnetic Bearings Based on FBG-GMM Sensor

Liu

Zhou

Ding

et al. 2015

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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Magnetic field in magnetic bearings is the physical medium to realize magnetic levitation, the distribution of the magnetic field determines the operating performance of magnetic bearings. In this paper, a thin-slice Fiber Bragg Grating-Giant Magnetostrictive Material magnetic sensor used for the air gap of magnetic bearings was proposed and tested in the condition of dynamic magnetic field. The static property of the sensor was calibrated and a polynomial curve was fitted to describe the performance of the sensor. Measurement of dynamic magnetic field with different frequencies in magnetic bearings was implemented. Comparing with the finite element simulations, the results showed the DC component of the magnetic field was detected by the sensor and error was less than 5.87%.

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Giant magnetostrictive materials

Cited by 47 publications

References 73 publications

Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges

Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges

Local rhombohedral symmetry in Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 near the morphotropic phase boundary

Dynamic Magnetic Field Measurement in the Air Gap of Magnetic Bearings Based on FBG-GMM Sensor

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