Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and ferromagnetic properties of DC and pulse electrodeposited Cu–Co alloys

Rajasekaran, N.; Mohan, S.; Chelvane, J. Arout; Jagannathan, R.

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.04.027

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As demonstrated by Bao and Kavanagh [63] and several others [64,65], FM metals and FM-NM multilayers have also been produced in the form of nanowires and nanopillars using electro-chemical methods-including galvanostatic electrodeposition and Pulsed-current electro-deposition method [66,67]. Pulsed-current electrochemical deposition techniques, can be used to deposit FM-NM multilayers in a highly confined spaces and the technique allows use of substrates if more complex geometries that are not possible via high vacuum evaporation methods.…”

Section: Giant Magnetoresistance Effectmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The various possible parameters used for the fabrication of the Co/Cu, Co/Au and Co/Ag multilayers are listed in Table 1. Pulsed-current deposition method have been used by us and several others to deposit multilayered structures of nano-dimension of Co-Cu, Co-Au and Co-Ag and the typical deposition conditions used are respectively outlined in [60,97,105,107,[112][113][114][115] and [64,67,103].…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ferromagnetic Multilayers: Magnetoresistance, Magnetic Anisotropy, and Beyond

2016

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Abstract:Obtaining highly sensitive ferromagnetic, FM, and nonmagnetic, NM, multilayers with a large room-temperature magnetoresistance, MR, and strong magnetic anisotropy, MA, under a small externally applied magnetic field, H, remains a subject of scientific and technical interest. Recent advances in nanofabrication and characterization techniques have further opened up several new ways through which MR, sensitivity to H, and MA of the FM/NM multilayers could be dramatically improved in miniature devices such as smart spin-valves based biosensors, non-volatile magnetic random access memory, and spin transfer torque nano-oscillators. This review presents in detail the fabrication and characterization of a few representative FM/NM multilayered films-including the nature and origin of MR, mechanism associated with spin-dependent conductivity and artificial generation of MA. In particular, a special attention is given to the Pulsed-current deposition technique and on the potential industrial applications and future prospects. FM multilayers presented in this review are already used in real-life applications such as magnetic sensors in automobile and computer industries. These material are extremely important as they have the capability to efficiently replace presently used magnetic sensors in automobile, electronics, biophysics, and medicine, among many others.

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Section: Giant Magnetoresistance Effectmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferromagnetic Multilayers: Magnetoresistance, Magnetic Anisotropy, and Beyond

2016

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“…GMR effects can be observed by using thin film multilayers. Some thin film multilayers which can be used as GMR sensors are Co/Cu multilayer [4], Ag/Co multilayer [5], Fe/Cr multilayer [6], and NiFe/Ag multilayer [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheatstone bridge-giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors based on Co/Cu multilayers for bio-detection applications

Antarnusa

Swastika

Suharyadi

2018

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract.A Wheatstone bridge-giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor was successfully developed for a potential biomaterial detection. In order to achieve this, a giant magnetoresistive [Co(1.5nm/Cu(1.0nm)] 20 multilayer structures have been fabricated by DC magnetron sputtering method, showing a magnetoresistance (MR) of 2.7%. The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that Co/Cu film multilayer has a high degree of crystallinity with a single peak corresponding to face-centered cubic (111) structure at 2 = 44.1 . Co/Cu multilayers exhibit a soft magnetic behavior with the saturation magnetization (Ms) of 1489 emu/cc and the coercivity (Hc) of 11.2 Oe. The magnetite Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles used as a bimolecular labels (nanotags) were synthesized via co-precipitation method, exhibiting a soft magnetic behavior with Ms of 77.16 emu/g and Hc of 49 Oe. XRD patterns and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that Fe 3 O 4 was well crystallized and it grew in their inverse spinel structure with an average size of around 10 nm. The GMR sensor design was used to detect a biomolecules of streptavidin magnetic particles with concentration 10, 20, 30, and 40 l/ml and -amylase enzyme with consentration 10, 20, 30, and 40 l/ml captured using polyethylene glycol (PEG)/ Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. Various applied magnetic fields of 0-650 Gauss have been performed using electromagnetic with the various currents of 0-5 A. Here, the final value of the output voltage signals for the streptavidin magnetic particles concentration is 1.2 mV (10 l/ml). The output voltage changes with the increase of concentration. It was reported that the output voltage signal of the Wheatstone bridge exhibits log-linear function in real time measurement of the concentration of streptavidin magnetic particles and -amylase enzyme respectively, making the sensor suitable for use as a biomolecule concentration detector. Thus, the combination of Co/Cu multilayer, Wheatstone bridge, magnetite and PEG polymer has potential application to be used in bio-detection applications where ultra-small bio-labels are needed.

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“…This research prefers Cu-Co alloy, which is used as a contact material [9,10] and a potential giant magnetoresistance material [11,12]. Cu-Co alloys have been fabricated by researchers through different approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Electromagnetic Stirring on the Microstructure Evolution of Cu-15%Co Alloy

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Metals

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Cu-15%Co alloys have been synthesized by an induction furnace adopting electromagnetic stirring (EMS). The liquid-liquid separation behavior and the peritectic reaction under a forced melt flow were analyzed. The specimens were subjected to a conventional induction melting as well as enhanced melt stirring by a two-side electromagnetic stirrer. The stirred ingots showed a significant improvement in dispersivity and homogeneity of the Co-rich phase. Comparing the specimens subjected to different current intensities, we observed strong changes in the phase fraction, the degree of segregation, and the grain size. EMS had an effect of reducing the amount and size of Co-rich droplets and enhancing the amounts of small equiaxed dendrites and dendrite fragments, which led to a more dispersive distribution of α-Co phase and refined the grains of Cu-rich phase. We observed a considerable increase in the fraction of peritectic Cu-rich phase with increasing current intensity of EMS, indicating that the peritectic reaction was promoted by EMS. EMS also reduced the macrosegregation of Co-rich phase in both the vertical and radial direction of the ingot when the current intensity was appropriate.

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Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and ferromagnetic properties of DC and pulse electrodeposited Cu–Co alloys

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Ferromagnetic Multilayers: Magnetoresistance, Magnetic Anisotropy, and Beyond

Ferromagnetic Multilayers: Magnetoresistance, Magnetic Anisotropy, and Beyond

Wheatstone bridge-giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors based on Co/Cu multilayers for bio-detection applications

The Effect of Electromagnetic Stirring on the Microstructure Evolution of Cu-15%Co Alloy

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