Giant Cell Tumor of the Femoral Head: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Introduction: Giant cell tumors (GCTs) of the bone are uncommon primary bone neoplasms that occur mainly in the epiphysis of long bones. GCT of the femoral head is rarely encountered. Case Report: We report a rare case of GCT of the femoral head in a 20-year-old female. The patient presented with pathological fracture. The patient underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of this paper is to present a case study with pathological fracture of the femoral head and to report the results of a literature review. Conclusion: The treatment of choice for GCT of the proximal femur is a hip arthroplasty with either a standard THA for small confined tumors or endoprosthesis insertion for more extensive tumors. Joint preserving procedures have a high revision rate (47.06%). Denosumab has been tried as a neoadjuvant treatment with some success in certain cases. Keywords: Giant cell tumor, pathological fracture, arthroplasty.