Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue with Pulmonary Metastases: Pathologic and Cytogenetic Study

Guo, Hua; Garcı́a, Roberto; Perle, Mary Ann; Amodio, John; Greco, M. Alba

doi:10.1007/s10024-005-0014-y

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Most cases of GCT of the soft tissue follow a benign clinical course but can be locally aggressive and recur locally. Although metastases are infrequent, cases have been reported of metastases to the lungs (16,17) and parotid glands (18). Our series included 8 cases of soft tissue GCT, all located in the foot.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumors of the Foot and Ankle: A Single-institution Experience

Azevedo

Casanova

Guerra

et al. 2013

The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery

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Level of Clinical Evidence: 4Keywords: bone giant cell tumor neoplasm sarcoma soft tissue surgery a b s t r a c t Tumors of the foot and ankle are rare, and the particular clinicopathologic features, therapeutic approach, and outcomes in this setting are not well established. From January 2000 to December 2010, 72 patients with primary musculoskeletal tumors of the foot and ankle, both benign and malignant, were treated at a single institution. Of the 72 patients, 56% were female. The median age was 52 years. Of the 72 tumors, 62 (86.11%) were located in the foot and 10 were located in the ankle; 63 (87.5%) were soft tissue tumors and 9 (12.5%) were bone tumors. Overall, 56 (78%) were benign tumors and 16 (22%) were malignant tumors. The most frequent soft tissue and bone diagnosis was giant cell tumor. The median follow-up period was 49 months. The vast majority of the tumors were located in the foot. Benign tumors were dominant, outnumbering malignant tumors by more than 3 to 1. The diversity of the histologic benign types was evident, with giant cell tumor, angiomyoma, and lipoma the most frequent. Regarding the malignant tumors, a clear male predominance was present, the median age was 45 years, and the most frequent tumor was synoviosarcoma. The 9-year overall and disease-free survival rate was 65% and 40%, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumors of the Foot and Ankle: A Single-institution Experience

Azevedo

Casanova

Guerra

et al. 2013

The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery

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“…In up to 3% of the cases,35) GCTs have been reported to metastasize to pulmonary tissue 33,35,37,38). Other possible yet exceedingly rare metastatic locations for GCT to arise is in the breast tissue 39).…”

Section: Cytokines and Chemokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Interpretation of Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Predominantly Osteoclastogenic Stromal Tumor

et al. 2012

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Owing to striking features of numerous multinucleated cells and bone destruction, giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone, often called as osteoclastoma, has drawn major attractions from orthopaedic surgeons, pathologists, and radiologists. The name GCT or osteoclastoma gives a false impression of a tumor comprising of proliferating osteoclasts or osteoclast precursors. The underlying mechanisms for excessive osteoclastogenesis are intriguing and GCT has served as an exciting disease model representing a paradigm of osteoclastogenesis for bone biologists. The modern interpretation of GCT is predominantly osteoclastogenic stromal cell tumors of mesenchymal origin. A diverse array of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines disrupts osteoblastic differentiation and promotes the formation of excessive multi-nucleated osteoclastic cells. Pro-osteoclastogenic cytokines such as receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as well as monocyte-recruiting chemokines such as stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 participate in unfavorable osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction. This model represents a self-sufficient osteoclastogenic paracrine loop in a localized area. Consistent with this paradigm, a recombinant RANK-Fc protein and bisphosphonates are currently being tried for GCT treatment in addition to surgical excision and conventional topical adjuvant therapies.

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“…In the malignant form of GCT‐ST, the mononuclear cells exhibit anisocytosis, nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, and mitoses including atypical forms (Figure 4). 2,3,6 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%