Giant cell tumor of bone – Analysis of 213 cases involving extra‐craniofacial bones

Abstract

We elucidated clinicopathological characteristics of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) in Japan, and significant clinicopathological factors for predicting local recurrence. Clinicopathological profiles of 213 patients with GCTB (100 male, 113 female) involving extra‐craniofacial bones were retrieved. Pathological slides obtained at the initial surgery were reviewed. Fourteen pathological and five clinical features were statistically analyzed to disclose prognostic significance. Patient age ranged from 12–80 years (Average 38.7). Long bones were most frequently affected (86.4%), especially around the knee (62.9%). Histological features are basically similar to those previously reported. Within a follow‐up period (24–316 months, average 106.1 months), the local recurrence rate is 29.1%. Metastasis has occurred in 9 patients. Cox regression analysis of representative clinicopathological features shows that younger age, higher mitotic count, smaller zones of stromal hemorrhage, considerable vascular invasion and absence of ischemic necrosis are significant predictors for local recurrence. Initial operative method (curettage) is a significant risk factor in univariate analysis but not by multivariate analysis (P = 0.053). Denosumab administration increases risk but not significantly (P = 0.053). Histone 3.3 G34W immunopositivity is not significant for predicting local recurrence.

Risk factors for local recurrence of giant cell tumor of bone of the extremities: a retrospective study

“…Several studies investigated the pathological grade of GCTB as a potential risk factor for local recurrence, and it was found that there is no correlation between pathological grade and local recurrence. [35][36][37][38] The same was found in the current study, with recurrence rates associated with low-grade and high-grade lesions similar to each other (22.4% and 33.3%, respectively); it was statistically insignificant. The grade of the lesion could not be considered as a risk factor for recurrence.…”

Secondary Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor: A Single-Center Study

“…Several recent studies have demonstrated that the H3F3A mutation might contribute to distinguishing GCTB-related tumors from those that are giant-cell-rich [ 10 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. However, there are differences in the frequency of H3F3A mutations found in previous reports; these mutations were identified in 69–100% of GCTB [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. One study [ 54 ] suggested that diagnosis of GCTB without the H3F3A alteration should be confirmed with considerable caution.…”

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals differential expression of EGFL7 and VEGF in giant-cell tumor of bone and osteosarcoma

“…[1][2][3][4] Although rarely fatal, GCTB is characterized by local invasion and occasional metastasis to the lung. [5][6][7] GCTB presents in young adults between the ages of 20 and 44 years with a higher incidence in females. 4 GCTB typically develops at the junction of the metaphysis and epiphysis of long bones and more commonly in the distal femur, proximal tibia, and distal radius.…”