Giant cell granuloma of the maxilla. Global management, review of literature and case report.

Abstract

Giant cell granuloma is a relatively rare benign entity but can be locally aggressive. Histologically characterized by intense proliferation of multinucleated giant cells and fibroblasts. Affects bone supported tissues. Definitive diagnosis is given by biopsy. Clinically manifest as a mass or nodule of reddish color and fleshy, occasionally ulcerated surface. They can range from asymptomatic to destructive lesions that grow quickly. It is a lesion to be considered in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic lesions affecting the maxilla or jaw. Its management passed from conservative treatment with intralesional infiltration of corticosteroids, calcitonin or interferon, to the surgical resection and reconstruction, for example with microvascular free flaps. Key words:Giant cell granuloma, intralesional injection, microvascular free flap, fibula.

Glucocorticoids, calcitonin, and osteocalcin cannot differentiate between aggressive and nonaggressive central giant cell lesions of the jaws

“…19,20 According to the literature, the results of the therapeutic treatment for CGCLs are variable and hard to predict. [13][14][15][16][17][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] To justify the treatment of CGCLs with glucocorticoids and calcitonin, some studies have investigated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and calcitonin receptor (CTR) expression within lesion cells. Tobón-Arroyave et al 29 were the first to investigate these receptors in aggressive and nonaggressive CGCLs and concluded that aggressive lesions have higher expression levels of CTR.…”