Giant cell arteritis restricted to the limb arteries: An overlooked clinical entity

Berti, Alvise; Campochiaro, Corrado; Cavalli, Giulio; Pepe, Gino; Praderio, Luisa; Sabbadini, Maria Grazia; Dagna, Lorenzo

doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.12.005

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Another possibility would be a vasculitis within the giant cell arteritis (GCA) spectrum. Against this, however, upper limb involvement, limb claudication, a lack of constitutional symptoms and PET positivity were more predominant in previously reported cases of GCA with limb involvement and there were no giant cells seen in this patient's muscle biopsy.…”

supporting

confidence: 43%

Isolated lower limb vasculitis

Celkys

McDougall

Massasso

et al. 2018

Internal Medicine Journal

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supporting

confidence: 43%

Isolated lower limb vasculitis

Celkys

McDougall

Massasso

et al. 2018

Internal Medicine Journal

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“…Limb Restricted (LR)-GCA has also been described in the literature in a recent case series of 79 patients [90]. The median age was 66.…”

Section: The Cardiovascular Systemmentioning

confidence: 84%

Giant cell arteritis: ophthalmic manifestations of a systemic disease

Smit

O’Sullivan

Mackey

et al. 2016

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a rare disease with an incidence of 200 cases per 100,000 people [39] . GCA often affects individuals aged >50 years differently from most autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Clinical Presentations Of Some Relevant Autmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmunity in the Elderly: Insights from Basic Science and Clinics - A Mini-Review

Watad¹,

et al. 2017

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Advancements in the field of biomedicine, including the control of infectious diseases through antibiotics and vaccination practices and the prevention of chronic disorders, have led to reduced mortality, increased life expectancy and, as such, growth of the older population. Ageing is accompanied by profound morphological and physiological alterations. In particular, the immune system undergoes a complex series of remodeling/restructuring events, involving almost all compartments - both the innate and the adaptive system. This process is termed immunosenescence or immune dysregulation and, basically, includes 3 events: a reduction in immune response, an increase in the inflammatory and oxidation background (inflammaging and oxi-inflammaging), and a production of autoantibodies. While there is an increase in autoimmunity in the elderly, this does not always translate into an increase in autoimmune diseases, which represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality and affect 5-10% of the world population. Each disease involves a specific age group. Generally speaking, most autoimmune diseases have a decreased peak age of onset, except for very few diseases such as giant cell arteritis and primary biliary cirrhosis, which are more prevalent among the elderly, or inflammatory bowel disease, which has 2 peaks of onset, the first one in young subjects and the other in those older than 60 years. Autoimmune disorders in the elderly have unique clinical presentations, and insidious and atypical symptoms may constitute a challenge for the physician. They are generally milder than in adults and can be controlled by a proper therapeutic treatment. However, despite advancements both in basic and clinical sciences, further studies and investigations are warranted and should be carried out in order to dissect the molecular framework induced by ageing.

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Giant cell arteritis restricted to the limb arteries: An overlooked clinical entity

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Isolated lower limb vasculitis

Isolated lower limb vasculitis

Giant cell arteritis: ophthalmic manifestations of a systemic disease

Autoimmunity in the Elderly: Insights from Basic Science and Clinics - A Mini-Review

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