Giant cell arteritis: A case report and review of literature

Acute ischemic optic neuropathy in a case of heroin overdose

“…Arteritic AION has female predisposition, whereas no gender discrepancy is noted in nonarteritic AION. Arteritic AION requires management of underlying vasculitis [14] , [15] , [16] . Nonarteritic AION encompasses majority (94.7%) of AION cases, with an estimated annual incidence of 2.3–10.2 per 100,000 population [ 9 , 17 , 18 ].…”

“…Anterior optic nerve is supplied by short posterior ciliary artery and choroidal circulations. Retrobulbar optic nerve depending on the location is supplied by pial plexus of ophthalmic artery (Intraorbital segment) and branches of internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral and anterior communicating arteries (Intracranial segment) [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] . PION is characterized by acute visual loss with characteristics of optic neuropathy, typically without initial disc edema, with subsequent development of optic nerve atrophy.…”